OCaml-Wodi第2部分：使用安装的编译 [英] OCaml-Wodi Part 2: Compiling using what was installed

问题描述

我想编译一个非常小的小插曲，看看lablgtk2是如何工作的。

 （* file：base.ml *）
 let main（）= 
 let window = GWindow .window（）in 
 window＃show（）; 
 GMain.Main.main（）
 
 let _ = main（）
  

$ b b

我通过wodi32包管理器正确安装，并检查pgk-lib文件夹，以查看是否有gMain.cmx / cmi和gWindow.cmx / cmi文件（以及相应的.ml和.mli文件）。但是，当我运行以下compile命令：

 
 $ ocamlc -I + lablgtk2 -o base lablgtk.cma gtkInit.cmo base.ml 
 

我收到以下错误：

 
文件base.ml，第4行，字符15-29：
错误：未绑定的模块GWindow 
 

为什么它找不到GMain和GWindow模块？有没有替代命令行编译指令我可以使用，将产生一个可执行文件（即Windows / Linux风格）？例如，是否有一种方法可以直接链接GMain和GWindow模块，以便编译器理解它们没有绑定？

很奇怪，当我运行以下命令，事情似乎工作，但只产生一个目标文件（即base.o，以及base.cmx，base.cmi）：

 
 $ ocamlfind opt -package lablgtk2 -linkpkg base.ml 
 

如何将该对象转换为可执行文件？

$如果使用通过ocamlfind安装的库（几乎所有的库都提供了ocamlfind支持），总是使用ocamlfind作为ocaml（c | opt）的包装器。 。
只有ocamlfind可以解析这些库的'META'文件。和ocamlfind可以安装库到不同的位置（取决于你的findlib.conf和某些环境变量），简单的ocaml可能不会找到他们与'+ lib'-notation。

以下应适用：

  ocamlfind ocamlopt -package lablgtk2。 auto-init -linkpkg base.ml -o myprog.exe 
 ocamlfind ocamlc -package lablgtk2.auto-init -linkpkg base.ml -o myprog_byte.exe 
  

'。auto-init将为您添加gtkInit。

I am trying to compile a very small vignette to see how lablgtk2 works.

(* file: base.ml *)
let main () =
  let window = GWindow.window () in
  window#show ();
  GMain.Main.main ()

let _ = main ()

I have it properly installed via the wodi32 package manager and checked the pgk-lib folder to see that there are gMain.cmx/cmi and gWindow.cmx/cmi files (as well as the respective .ml and .mli files). However, when I run the following compile command:

$ ocamlc -I +lablgtk2 -o base lablgtk.cma gtkInit.cmo base.ml

I get the following error:

File "base.ml", line 4, characters 15-29:
Error: Unbound module GWindow

What's not correct? Why can it not find the GMain and GWindow modules? Is there an alternative command line compile directive I can use that will yield an executable (i.e. Windows/Linux style)? For example, is there a way to directly link the GMain and GWindow modules so the compiler understands that they're not unbound?

Weirdly enough, when I run the following command, things seem to work, but only yield an object file (i.e. base.o, as well as base.cmx, base.cmi):

$ ocamlfind opt -package lablgtk2 -linkpkg base.ml

How do I turn that object into an executable?

解决方案

Always use ocamlfind as a wrapper for ocaml(c|opt), if you use libraries installed via ocamlfind (nearly all libraries provide ocamlfind support nowadays). Only ocamlfind can parse the 'META'-files of these libraries. And ocamlfind can install libraries to different locations (depending on your findlib.conf and certain environmental varibles), plain ocaml possibly won't find them with the '+lib'-notation.

The following should work:

ocamlfind ocamlopt -package lablgtk2.auto-init -linkpkg base.ml -o myprog.exe
ocamlfind ocamlc -package lablgtk2.auto-init -linkpkg base.ml -o myprog_byte.exe

'.auto-init' will add gtkInit for you.

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