有没有安全的加密算法，加密和解密可以在任何顺序？ [英] Is there a secure cryptographic algorithm where encryption and decryption can be in any order?

问题描述

我在寻找一个符合以下规则的加密算法：

I'm looking for a cryptographic algorithm that satisfies the following rules:

E（key1，E（key2，Message））= E（key2，E key1，Message））

E(key1, E(key2, Message)) = E(key2, E(key1, Message))

显然，解密也是一样。

因为我怀疑这样的算法存在，但认为这是值得问。

This is probably a long shot as I doubt such an algorithm exists but thought it's worth asking.

感谢

推荐答案

两个已知的密码系统可以满足

Two known cryptosystems that satisfy

E（key1，E（key2，Message））= E（key2，
E（key1，Message））

E(key1, E(key2, Message)) = E(key2, E(key1, Message))

是Massey Omura crytosystem和Shamir的三通协议。喜欢这两种方案的一个原因是以下属性：访问密文E（key1，Message），E（key2，Message）和E（key1，E（key2，Message））的攻击者找不到消息。另一方面，在这种假设下，基于RSA或流密码的解决方案可以被破坏。

are the Massey Omura crytosystem and Shamir's three-pass protocol. One reason to prefer these two schemes is the following property: an attacker with access to the ciphertexts E(key1, Message), E(key2, Message) and E(key1, E(key2, Message)) can not find the message. On the other hand, the solutions based on RSA or stream cipher can be broken under this assumption.

有理由假设攻击者可以访问所有因为交换密码系统最可能在两个密钥保存在不同系统上的情况下使用。为什么还需要颠倒解密的顺序？

It does make sense to assume that the an attacker may have access to all the ciphertexts above, since commutative cryptosystems are most likely used in scenarios where the the two keys are kept on different systems. Why else would one need to reverse the order of decryption?

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