Python搜索CSV文件并返回相关信息 [英] Python to search CSV file and return relevant info

问题描述

我有一个csv文件，其中包含有关我们网络上某些计算机的信息。我想能够从命令行输入一个快速行，带回我的相关项目从csv。格式为：

I have a csv file with information about some computers on our network. I'd like to be able to type from the command line a quick line to bring me back the relevant items from the csv. In the format:

$ tag.py *hostname*

csv有大约50列，信息范围从MAC地址到上次在网络上看到的时间。我只想在我搜索时输出这些列的选择。我写了必要的代码，它的工作原理。然而，我希望搜索更灵活。按照原样，搜索字词需要与我搜索的值完全相同。 aka

The csv has about 50 columns with information ranging from MAC address to last time seen on the network. I only want to output a selection of these columns when I search. I've written the necessary code and it works. However I want the search to be more flexible. As it stands, the search term needs to be exactly the same as the value I'm searching for. aka

$ tag.py mycomputer        # This returns nothing
$ tag.py mycomputer.co.uk  # This returns the information I want
$ tag.py 63746             # This returns nothing
$ tag.py 00063746          # This returns the information I want

现在对于我有的代码。

# Import Modules

import sys
import csv

# Get user Input
# I assume the script is used in the form script.py "search-term"
# If no input added to command, ask for user input

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
    print("Please enter a hostname or asset number.")
    search_1 = input("Search for:")
else:
    search_1=sys.argv[1]

# Setup Variables
# Open cvs and setup csv.reader settings

csvfile = open("file.csv", "r", encoding="Latin-1")
csvfile.seek 
reader = csv.reader(csvfile, dialect='excel', delimiter=",", quotechar="'")

# Search cvs for the input string

for line in reader:
    if search_1 in line:
        print("------------------------------------------------------")
        print("  Hostname = " + line[10])
        print("  " + line[11])
        print("  AssetId = " + line[30])
        print("  IP = " + line[7])
        print("  MAC = " + line[6])
        print("  Owner = " + line[15])
        print("  Username = " +line[14])
        print("  Tel = " + line[17])
        print("  Last Seen = " + line[27])
        print("------------------------------------------------------")

csvfile.close()

我希望代码能够忽略fqdn如果我搜索一个主机名或添加额外的0个字符到资产编号。我想我可以解决资产号问题与 len（search_1）< 8 在前面添加一些 0 ，直到它是8个字符长，但这避免了我真的更喜欢只搜索字符串

I would like the code to be able to ignore the fqdn if I search for a hostname or to add the extra 0 characters to the asset number. I think I can fix the asset number issue with a len(search_1) < 8 append some 0 to the front until it is 8 characters long but that's avoiding the fact that I really would prefer to just search for the string without manipulating it to match the thing I'm looking for.

推荐答案

而不是测试你的输入字符串是否在行中，测试如果您的输入字符串在任何列。 any（）函数非常适用于：

Instead of testing if your input string is in the line, test if your input string is in any of the columns. The any() function is ideally suited for that:

if any(search_1 in col for col in line):

要分解一下： csv.reader（） iterable本身是一个列的列表，你可以循环遍历这些列。 for col 就是这样。我们测试 search_1在col 中的每列中是否存在 search_1 ，以及 any 将执行循环，直到找到 search_1在中的为 True 这种情况下它停止迭代循环并返回 True 本身。如果未找到匹配项，则返回 False 。

To break this down a little: each line in your csv.reader() iterable is itself a list of columns, you can loop over these. for col in line does just that. We test if search_1 is present in each column with search_1 in col, and any() will execute the loop until it finds a column where search_1 in col is True, in which case it stops iterating over the loop and returns True itself. If no match was found False is returned instead.

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