如何集成CUDA .cu代码与C ++应用程序 [英] How to integrate CUDA .cu code with C++ app
本文介绍了如何集成CUDA .cu代码与C ++应用程序的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
此信息与我之前的信息非常相似：如何将CUDA代码分成多个文件恐怕我对我实际要求的错误做出了错误，以至于不能在那里尝试和纠正它。
我将此代码放在CUDA SDK的cppIntegration示例之外。
我想要一个main.cpp与我的 main（）函数，并调用一个单独的。 cu文件在GPU上做一些工作。在单独的.cu文件中，我希望它能够调用驻留在另一个.cu文件中的内核代码。我设想三个文件：Main.cpp，KernelWrapper.cu和MyKernel.cu。 Main.cpp用于测试目的不在于调用位于KernelWrapper.cu中的函数 RunTest（）。 RunTest（）方法执行位于MyKernel.cu中的 TestDevice（int * deviceArray） >
Main.cpp：
#include< iostream>
void RunTest（）; // forward declaration ???
int main（int argc，char ** argv）
{
RunTest（）;
std :: cout<< blah \\\
;
return 0;
}
KernelWrapper.cu：
#include< iostream>
__global__ void TestDevice（int * deviceArray）; // forward declaration
void RunTest（）
{
int * hostArray;
int * deviceArray;
const int arrayLength = 16;
const unsigned int memSize = sizeof（int）* arrayLength;
hostArray =（int *）malloc（memSize）;
cudaMalloc（（void **）& deviceArray，memSize）;
std :: cout<< before device\\\
;
for（int i = 0; i
hostArray [i] = i + 1;
std :: cout<< hostArray [i]< \\\
;
}
std :: cout<< \\\
;
cudaMemcpy（deviceArray，hostArray，memSize，cudaMemcpyHostToDevice）;
TestDevice<<< 4，4>> （deviceArray）;
cudaMemcpy（hostArray，deviceArray，memSize，cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost）;
std :: cout<< after device\\\
;
for（int i = 0; i
std :: cout< hostArray [i]< \\\
;
}
cudaFree（deviceArray）;
free（hostArray）;
std :: cout<< Done \\\
;
}
MyKernel.cu：
#ifndef _MY_KERNEL_
#define _MY_KERNEL_
__global__ void TestDevice（int * deviceArray）
{
int idx = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
deviceArray [idx] = deviceArray [idx] * deviceArray [idx];
}
#endif
/ p>
1> ------构建开始：项目：CUDASandbox，配置：调试x64 ------
1>使用CUDA Build Rule ...编译
1>C：\CUDA\bin64\\\
vcc.exe-arch sm_10 -ccbinC：\Program Files（x86）\ Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0 \VC\bin-Xcompiler/ EHsc / W3 / nologo / O2 / Zi / MT-maxrregcount = 32 --compile -ox64 \Debug\KernelWrapper.cu.obj d：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\KernelWrapper.cu
1> KernelWrapper.cu
1> tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.gpu
1> tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-8_KernelWrapper.cudafe2.gpu
1> tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.cpp
1> tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-12_KernelWrapper.ii
1>使用CUDA Build Rule ...编译。
1>C：\CUDA\bin64 \\\
vcc.exe-arch sm_10 -ccbinC：\Program Files（x86）\ Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0 \VC\bin -Xcompiler/ EHsc / W3 / nologo / O2 / Zi / MT-maxrregcount = 32 --compile -ox64 \Debug\MyKernel.cu.objd：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\MyKernel.cu
1> MyKernel.cu
1> tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.gpu
1> tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-8_MyKernel.cudafe2 .gpu
1> tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.cpp
1> tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-12_MyKernel.ii
1>正在编译...
1> Main.cpp
1> ;将清单编译为资源...
1> Microsoft（R）Windows资源编译器版本6.1.6723.1
1>版权所有（C）Microsoft Corporation。版权所有。
1>链接...
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：错误LNK2005：public：void __cdecl std :: basic_ios< char，struct std :: char_traits< char> :: setstate（int，bool）（？setstate @？$ basic_ios @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ std @@ QEAAXH_N @ Z）已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义
1> msvcprtd .lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：错误LNK2005：已在KernelWrapper.cu.obj $ b中定义的public：__int64 __cdecl std :: ios_base :: width（__ int64）（？width @ ios_base @ std @@ QEAA_J_J @ Z） $ b 1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：__int64 __cdecl std :: basic_streambuf
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：static int __cdecl std :: char_traits< char> :: eof（void）（？eof @？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@ SAHXZ）已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：int __cdecl std :: basic_streambuf
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：错误LNK2005：已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义的public：__int64 __cdecl std :: ios_base :: width（void）const（？width @ ios_base @ std @@ QEBA_JXZ）
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：static unsigned __int64 __cdecl std :: char_traits< char> :: length（char const *）（？length @？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@ SA_KPEBD @ Z）已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：class std :: basic_ostream< char，struct std :: char_traits< ; char> > & __cdecl std :: basic_ostream< char，struct std :: char_traits< char>已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义的> :: flush（void）（？flush @？$ basic_ostream @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ std @@ QEAAAEAV12 @ XZ）
1> msvcprtd .lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：class std :: basic_ostream< char，struct std :: char_traits< char> > * __cdecl std :: basic_ios< char，struct std :: char_traits< char> > :: tie（void）const（？tie @？$ basic_ios @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ std @@ QEBAPEAV？$ basic_ostream @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ @ XZ）已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义了
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：bool __cdecl std :: ios_base :: good（void）const（？good @ ios_base已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义的@ std @@ QEBA_NXZ）
1> msvcprtd.lib（MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：void __cdecl std :: basic_ostream< char，struct std :: char_traits& char> > :: _ Osfx（void）（？_Osfx @？$ basic_ostream @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@@@@@@@@@@@@ std @@ QEAAXXZ）
1> msvcprtd.lib （MSVCP90D.dll）：错误LNK2005：已在libcpmt.lib（uncaught.obj）中定义的bool __cdecl std :: uncaught_exception（void）（？uncaught_exception @ std @@ YA_NXZ）
1> msvcprtd.lib MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：void __cdecl std :: basic_streambuf< char，struct std :: char_traits< char>已经在KernelWrapper.cu.obj中定义的> :: _ Lock（void）（？_Lock @？$ basic_streambuf @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ std @@ QEAAXXZ）
1> msvcprtd.lib （MSVCP90D.dll）：error LNK2005：public：void __cdecl std :: basic_streambuf< char，struct std :: char_traits< char> > :: _ Unlock（void）（？_Unlock @？$ basic_streambuf @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@@ std @@ QEAAXXZ） （typ_info.obj）中定义的错误LNK2005：private：__cdecl type_info :: type_info（class type_info const&）（?? 0type_info @@ AEAA @ AEBV0 @@ Z） b $ b 1> MSVCRTD.lib（ti_inst.obj）：error LNK2005：private：class type_info&已经在LIBCMT.lib（typinfo.obj）中定义的__cdecl type_info :: operator =（class type_info const&）（?? 4type_info @@ AEAAAEAV0 @ AEBV0 @@ Z）
1> LINK：warning LNK4098：defaultlib 'MSVCRTD'与使用其他库冲突;使用/ NODEFAULTLIB：库
1> D：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008 \Projects\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\CUDASandbox。 exe：致命错误LNK1169：找到一个或多个定义的符号
1>构建日志保存在file：// d：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\ CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\BuildLog.htm
1> CUDASandbox - 21错误，1警告
========== Build：0成功，1失败，0最新，0跳过==========
我在Windows Vista 7 64位上运行Visual Studio 2008
编辑：
将代码生成设置为/ MT所产生的构建日志
1> CUDASandbox，配置：Debug x64 ------
1>使用CUDA Build Rule ...编译
1>C：\CUDA\bin64\\\\ -ccbinC：\Program Files（x86）\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0 \VC\bin-Xcompiler/ EHsc / W3 / nologo / O2 / Zi / MT-maxrregcount = 32 --compile -o x64 \Debug\MyKernel.cu.objd：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\MyKernel.cu
1> MyKernel。 cu
1> tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.gpu
1> tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-8_MyKernel.cudafe2.gpu
1> tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.cpp
1> tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-12_MyKernel。 ii
1>使用CUDA Build Rule ...编译
1>C：\CUDA\bin64\\\
vcc.exe-arch sm_10 -ccbinC：\Program Files（x86 ）\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0 \VC\bin-Xcompiler/ EHsc / W3 / nologo / O2 / Zi / MT-maxrregcount = 32 --compile -ox64 \Debug\KernelWrapper.cu。 objd：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\KernelWrapper.cu
1> KernelWrapper.cu
1> tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-3_KernelWrapper。 cudafe1.gpu
1> tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-8_KernelWrapper.cudafe2.gpu
1> tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.cpp
1> tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-12_KernelWrapper.ii
1>正在编译...
1> Main.cpp
1>链接...
1> LINK：警告LNK4098：defaultlib'LIBCMT'与其他库的使用冲突;使用/ NODEFAULTLIB：库
1> libcpmtd.lib（cout.obj）：error LNK2019：未解析的外部符号_CrtDbgReportW在函数public：char const& __cdecl std :: _ String_const_iterator< char，struct std :: char_traits& ; char>，class std :: allocator< char>> :: operator *（void）const（?? D？$ _ String_const_iterator @ DU？$ char_traits @ D @ std @@ V？$ allocator @ D @ @ std @@ QEBAAEBDXZ）
1> libcpmtd.lib（stdthrow.obj）：error LNK2001：未解析的外部符号_CrtDbgReportW
1> libcpmtd.lib（xmbtowc.obj）：error LNK2001：未解析的外部符号_CrtDbgReportW
1> libcpmtd.lib（xdebug.obj）：error LNK2019：未解析的外部符号_malloc_dbg在函数void * __cdecl operator new（unsigned __int64，struct std :: _ DebugHeapTag_t const&，char *，int） （?? 2 @ YAPEAX_KAEBU_DebugHeapTag_t @ std @@ PEADH @ Z）
1> libcpmtd.lib（xmbtowc.obj）：error LNK2001：未解析的外部符号_malloc_dbg
1> libcpmtd.lib（xdebug.obj） ：error LNK2019：在函数void __cdecl operator delete（void *，struct std :: _ DebugHeapTag_t const&，char *，int）中引用的未解析的外部符号_free_dbg（?? 3 @ YAXPEAXAEBU_DebugHeapTag_t @ std @@ PEADH @ Z）
1> libcpmtd.lib（xmbtowc.obj）：error LNK2001：未解析的外部符号_free_dbg
1> libcpmtd.lib（_tolower.obj）：error LNK2019：未解析的外部符号_calloc_dbg在函数_Getctype中引用
1> D：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\CUDASandbox.exe：致命错误LNK1120：4未解析的外部
1>构建日志保存在file：// d：\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008 \Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\BuildLog.htm
1> CUDASandbox - 9错误，1警告
========== Build：0成功，1失败，0最新，0跳过========= =
解决方案
看起来你的两个不同版本的C运行时。 CUDA运行时使用静态链接的C运行时，您的应用程序使用动态加载的C运行时（通常是Visual Studio中的默认设置）。
将代码生成更改为静态使用加载C运行时以匹配CUDA运行时：
- 右键单击项目并选择属性，然后在C / C ++ - >代码生成更改运行时库到/ MT
您可以使用/ MTd进行调试，在这种情况下，您需要在CUDA构建规则 - >混合CUDA / C ++选项。
查看此之前的帖子，一步一步地提供更多提示。
This post closely resembles my earlier post: How to separate CUDA code into multiple files I am afraid I made such a blunder of what I was actually asking that it will be too confusing to try and correct it there.
I am basing this code loosely off the cppIntegration example from the CUDA SDK.
I want to have a main.cpp with my main() function and have it call to a separate .cu file to do some work on the GPU. In the separate .cu file I want it to be able to call to my kernel code that resides in another .cu file. I envision three files: Main.cpp, KernelWrapper.cu, and MyKernel.cu. Main.cpp for purposes of testing does nothing except call a function RunTest() that is located in KernelWrapper.cu. the RunTest() method executes the TestDevice(int *deviceArray) kernel that is located in MyKernel.cu
Main.cpp:
#include <iostream>
void RunTest(); //forward declaration???
int main( int argc, char** argv)
{
RunTest();
std::cout << "blah\n";
return 0;
}
KernelWrapper.cu:
#include <iostream>
__global__ void TestDevice(int *deviceArray); //forward declaration
void RunTest()
{
int* hostArray;
int* deviceArray;
const int arrayLength = 16;
const unsigned int memSize = sizeof(int) * arrayLength;
hostArray = (int*)malloc(memSize);
cudaMalloc((void**) &deviceArray, memSize);
std::cout << "Before device\n";
for(int i=0;i<arrayLength;i++)
{
hostArray[i] = i+1;
std::cout << hostArray[i] << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n";
cudaMemcpy(deviceArray, hostArray, memSize, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);
TestDevice <<< 4, 4 >>> (deviceArray);
cudaMemcpy(hostArray, deviceArray, memSize, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
std::cout << "After device\n";
for(int i=0;i<arrayLength;i++)
{
std::cout << hostArray[i] << "\n";
}
cudaFree(deviceArray);
free(hostArray);
std::cout << "Done\n";
}
MyKernel.cu:
#ifndef _MY_KERNEL_
#define _MY_KERNEL_
__global__ void TestDevice(int *deviceArray)
{
int idx = blockIdx.x*blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
deviceArray[idx] = deviceArray[idx]*deviceArray[idx];
}
#endif
Which yields these errors:
1>------ Build started: Project: CUDASandbox, Configuration: Debug x64 ------
1>Compiling with CUDA Build Rule...
1>"C:\CUDA\bin64\nvcc.exe" -arch sm_10 -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin" -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /O2 /Zi /MT " -maxrregcount=32 --compile -o "x64\Debug\KernelWrapper.cu.obj" "d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\KernelWrapper.cu"
1>KernelWrapper.cu
1>tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.gpu
1>tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-8_KernelWrapper.cudafe2.gpu
1>tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.cpp
1>tmpxft_00001ab8_00000000-12_KernelWrapper.ii
1>Compiling with CUDA Build Rule...
1>"C:\CUDA\bin64\nvcc.exe" -arch sm_10 -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin" -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /O2 /Zi /MT " -maxrregcount=32 --compile -o "x64\Debug\MyKernel.cu.obj" "d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\MyKernel.cu"
1>MyKernel.cu
1>tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.gpu
1>tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-8_MyKernel.cudafe2.gpu
1>tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.cpp
1>tmpxft_000017b0_00000000-12_MyKernel.ii
1>Compiling...
1>Main.cpp
1>Compiling manifest to resources...
1>Microsoft (R) Windows (R) Resource Compiler Version 6.1.6723.1
1>Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
1>Linking...
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: void __cdecl std::basic_ios<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::setstate(int,bool)" (?setstate@?$basic_ios@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAXH_N@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: __int64 __cdecl std::ios_base::width(__int64)" (?width@ios_base@std@@QEAA_J_J@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: __int64 __cdecl std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::sputn(char const *,__int64)" (?sputn@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAA_JPEBD_J@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: static bool __cdecl std::char_traits<char>::eq_int_type(int const &,int const &)" (?eq_int_type@?$char_traits@D@std@@SA_NAEBH0@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: static int __cdecl std::char_traits<char>::eof(void)" (?eof@?$char_traits@D@std@@SAHXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: int __cdecl std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::sputc(char)" (?sputc@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAHD@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: class std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > * __cdecl std::basic_ios<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::rdbuf(void)const " (?rdbuf@?$basic_ios@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEBAPEAV?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@2@XZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: char __cdecl std::basic_ios<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::fill(void)const " (?fill@?$basic_ios@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEBADXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: int __cdecl std::ios_base::flags(void)const " (?flags@ios_base@std@@QEBAHXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: __int64 __cdecl std::ios_base::width(void)const " (?width@ios_base@std@@QEBA_JXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: static unsigned __int64 __cdecl std::char_traits<char>::length(char const *)" (?length@?$char_traits@D@std@@SA_KPEBD@Z) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::flush(void)" (?flush@?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAAEAV12@XZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > * __cdecl std::basic_ios<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::tie(void)const " (?tie@?$basic_ios@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEBAPEAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@2@XZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: bool __cdecl std::ios_base::good(void)const " (?good@ios_base@std@@QEBA_NXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: void __cdecl std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::_Osfx(void)" (?_Osfx@?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAXXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "bool __cdecl std::uncaught_exception(void)" (?uncaught_exception@std@@YA_NXZ) already defined in libcpmt.lib(uncaught.obj)
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: void __cdecl std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::_Lock(void)" (?_Lock@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAXXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP90D.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: void __cdecl std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::_Unlock(void)" (?_Unlock@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QEAAXXZ) already defined in KernelWrapper.cu.obj
1>MSVCRTD.lib(ti_inst.obj) : error LNK2005: "private: __cdecl type_info::type_info(class type_info const &)" (??0type_info@@AEAA@AEBV0@@Z) already defined in LIBCMT.lib(typinfo.obj)
1>MSVCRTD.lib(ti_inst.obj) : error LNK2005: "private: class type_info & __cdecl type_info::operator=(class type_info const &)" (??4type_info@@AEAAAEAV0@AEBV0@@Z) already defined in LIBCMT.lib(typinfo.obj)
1>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
1>D:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\CUDASandbox.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
1>Build log was saved at "file://d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
1>CUDASandbox - 21 error(s), 1 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
I am running Visual Studio 2008 on Windows Vista 7 64 bit
Edit:
Tom, here is the build log that results from setting the code generation to /MT
1>------ Build started: Project: CUDASandbox, Configuration: Debug x64 ------
1>Compiling with CUDA Build Rule...
1>"C:\CUDA\bin64\nvcc.exe" -arch sm_10 -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin" -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /O2 /Zi /MT " -maxrregcount=32 --compile -o "x64\Debug\MyKernel.cu.obj" "d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\MyKernel.cu"
1>MyKernel.cu
1>tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.gpu
1>tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-8_MyKernel.cudafe2.gpu
1>tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-3_MyKernel.cudafe1.cpp
1>tmpxft_000019e4_00000000-12_MyKernel.ii
1>Compiling with CUDA Build Rule...
1>"C:\CUDA\bin64\nvcc.exe" -arch sm_10 -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin" -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /O2 /Zi /MT " -maxrregcount=32 --compile -o "x64\Debug\KernelWrapper.cu.obj" "d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\KernelWrapper.cu"
1>KernelWrapper.cu
1>tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.gpu
1>tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-8_KernelWrapper.cudafe2.gpu
1>tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-3_KernelWrapper.cudafe1.cpp
1>tmpxft_0000078c_00000000-12_KernelWrapper.ii
1>Compiling...
1>Main.cpp
1>Linking...
1>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'LIBCMT' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
1>libcpmtd.lib(cout.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _CrtDbgReportW referenced in function "public: char const & __cdecl std::_String_const_iterator<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> >::operator*(void)const " (??D?$_String_const_iterator@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@QEBAAEBDXZ)
1>libcpmtd.lib(stdthrow.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _CrtDbgReportW
1>libcpmtd.lib(xmbtowc.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _CrtDbgReportW
1>libcpmtd.lib(xdebug.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _malloc_dbg referenced in function "void * __cdecl operator new(unsigned __int64,struct std::_DebugHeapTag_t const &,char *,int)" (??2@YAPEAX_KAEBU_DebugHeapTag_t@std@@PEADH@Z)
1>libcpmtd.lib(xmbtowc.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _malloc_dbg
1>libcpmtd.lib(xdebug.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _free_dbg referenced in function "void __cdecl operator delete(void *,struct std::_DebugHeapTag_t const &,char *,int)" (??3@YAXPEAXAEBU_DebugHeapTag_t@std@@PEADH@Z)
1>libcpmtd.lib(xmbtowc.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _free_dbg
1>libcpmtd.lib(_tolower.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _calloc_dbg referenced in function _Getctype
1>D:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\CUDASandbox.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 4 unresolved externals
1>Build log was saved at "file://d:\Stuff\Programming\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CUDASandbox\CUDASandbox\x64\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
1>CUDASandbox - 9 error(s), 1 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
解决方案
It looks like you have a conflict between two different versions of the C runtime. The CUDA runtime uses the statically linked C runtime, and your application uses the dynamically loaded C runtime (typically the default in Visual Studio).
Change the code generation to use statically loaded C runtime to match the CUDA runtime:
- Right click on the project and choose Properties, then in C/C++ -> Code Generation change the Runtime Library to /MT
You could use /MTd for debug, in which case you will need to mirror this in CUDA Build Rule -> Hybrid CUDA/C++ Options.
See this earlier post for a step-by-step with more tips.
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