使用cURL,RCurl和httr的Cookie发送请求 [英] Post request using cookies with cURL, RCurl and httr
问题描述
在Windows cURL中,我可以发布类似以下的Web请求:
curl --dump-header cook.txt ^
--dataRURL = http = // www.example.com/r&user=bob&password=hello^
--user-agentMozilla / 5.0^
http://www.example.com/login
使用键入cook。 txt
我得到类似这样的回应:
HTTP / 1.1 302 Found
Date :Thu,******
服务器:Microsoft-IIS / 6.0
服务器:******
X-Powered-By:ASP.NET
X -AspNet-Version:1.1.4322
Location:******
Set-Cookie:Cookie1 =; domain = ******; expires = ****** ******
******
******
缓存控制:private
Content-Type :text / html; charset = iso-8859-1
Content-Length:189
线如: Set-Cookie:AuthCode = ABC ...
(我可以脚本这个当然)。因此,我可以使用 AuthCode
来处理后续请求。
我想用RCurl和/ httr(仍然不知道哪个更适合我的任务)。
当我尝试:
library(httr)
POST(http://www.example.com/login,
body = list(RURL =http = //www.example.com/r,
user =bob,password =hello),
user_agent(Mozilla / 5.0))
我得到类似这样的回应:
Response [http://www.example.com/error]
状态:411
Content-type:text / html
< h1>长度必需< / h1>
总的来说我知道411错误,我可以尝试修复请求;但我不能在cURL中,所以我做错了POST命令。
你能帮我把我的cURL命令转换为RCurl和/或httr ?
解决方案根据Juba的建议,这里是一个工作的RCurl模板。
代码会模拟浏览器的行为,因为:
- 登录屏幕和
- 在包含实际数据的以下页面请求中重复使用它们。
### RCurl登录和浏览私人网页###
库(RCurl)
loginurl =http = // www。*****
mainurl =http = // www。*****
agent =Mozilla / 5.0
#User帐户数据和其他登录参数
pars = list(
RURL =http = // www。*****,
用户名=*****,
Password =*****
)
#RCurl pars
curl = getCurlHandle()
curlSetOpt(cookiejar =cookiesk.txt,useragent = agent,followlocation = TRUE,curl = curl )
#或简单的
#curlSetOpt(cookiejar =,useragent = agent,followlocation = TRUE,curl = curl)
#post登录表单
web = postForm(loginurl,.params = pars,curl = curl)
#go到真实数据的主URL
web = getURL(mainurl,curl = curl)
$ b b#parse /打印web
#.....的内容等等。
#这会产生将Cookie数据保存到cookiejar文件的副作用
rm(curl)
gc()
In Windows cURL I can post a web request similar to this:
curl --dump-header cook.txt ^ --data "RURL=http=//www.example.com/r&user=bob&password=hello" ^ --user-agent "Mozilla/5.0" ^ http://www.example.com/login
With
type cook.txt
I get a response similar to this:HTTP/1.1 302 Found Date: Thu, ****** Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0 SERVER: ****** X-Powered-By: ASP.NET X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322 Location: ****** Set-Cookie: Cookie1=; domain=******; expires=****** ****** ****** ****** Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Length: 189
I can manually read cookie lines like:
Set-Cookie: AuthCode=ABC...
(I could script this of course). So I can useAuthCode
for subsequent requests.I am trying do the same in R with RCurl and/or httr (still don't know which one is better for my task).
When I try:
library(httr) POST("http://www.example.com/login", body= list(RURL="http=//www.example.com/r", user="bob", password="hello"), user_agent("Mozilla/5.0"))
I get a response similar to this:
Response [http://www.example.com/error] Status: 411 Content-type: text/html <h1>Length Required</h1>
By and large I know about 411-error and I could try to fix the request; but I do not get it in cURL, so I am doing something wrong with the POST command.
Can you help me in translating my cURL command to RCurl and/or httr?
解决方案Based on Juba suggestion, here is a working RCurl template.
The code emulates a browser behaviour, as it:
- retrieves cookies on a login screen and
- reuses them on the following page requests containing the actual data.
### RCurl login and browse private pages ### library("RCurl") loginurl ="http=//www.*****" mainurl ="http=//www.*****" agent ="Mozilla/5.0" #User account data and other login pars pars=list( RURL="http=//www.*****", Username="*****", Password="*****" ) #RCurl pars curl = getCurlHandle() curlSetOpt(cookiejar="cookiesk.txt", useragent = agent, followlocation = TRUE, curl=curl) #or simply #curlSetOpt(cookiejar="", useragent = agent, followlocation = TRUE, curl=curl) #post login form web=postForm(loginurl, .params = pars, curl=curl) #go to main url with real data web=getURL(mainurl, curl=curl) #parse/print content of web #..... etc. etc. #This has the side effect of saving cookie data to the cookiejar file rm(curl) gc()
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