如何限制BASH脚本的运行时间 [英] How do I limit the running time of a BASH script

问题描述

我有一个长时间运行的BASH脚本，我在Windows上的CYGWIN下运行。

I have a long running BASH script that I am running under CYGWIN on Windows.

我想限制脚本运行30秒，并自动终止如果它超过这个限制。理想情况下，我希望能够对任何命令执行此操作。

I would like to limit the script to run for 30 seconds, and automatically terminate if it exceeds this limit. Ideally, I'd like to be able to do this to any command.

例如：

sh-3.2$ limittime -t 30 'myscript.sh'

或

sh-3.2$ limittime -t 30 'grep func *.c'

在cygwin下，ulimit命令似乎不起作用。

Under cygwin the ulimit command doesn't seem to work.

我可以接受任何想法。

推荐答案

a href =http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/timeout =noreferrer> http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/timeout 脚本，其功能已集成到更新的coreutils：

See the http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/timeout script the functionality of which has been integrated into newer coreutils:

#!/bin/sh

# Execute a command with a timeout

# License: LGPLv2
# Author:
#    http://www.pixelbeat.org/
# Notes:
#    Note there is a timeout command packaged with coreutils since v7.0
#    If the timeout occurs the exit status is 124.
#    There is an asynchronous (and buggy) equivalent of this
#    script packaged with bash (under /usr/share/doc/ in my distro),
#    which I only noticed after writing this.
#    I noticed later again that there is a C equivalent of this packaged
#    with satan by Wietse Venema, and copied to forensics by Dan Farmer.
# Changes:
#    V1.0, Nov  3 2006, Initial release
#    V1.1, Nov 20 2007, Brad Greenlee <[e-mail]>
#                       Make more portable by using the 'CHLD'
#                       signal spec rather than 17.
#    V1.3, Oct 29 2009, Ján Sáreník <[e-mail]>
#                       Even though this runs under dash,ksh etc.
#                       it doesn't actually timeout. So enforce bash for now.
#                       Also change exit on timeout from 128 to 124
#                       to match coreutils.
#    V2.0, Oct 30 2009, Ján Sáreník <[e-mail]>
#                       Rewritten to cover compatibility with other
#                       Bourne shell implementations (pdksh, dash)

if [ "$#" -lt "2" ]; then
    echo "Usage:   `basename $0` timeout_in_seconds command" >&2
    echo "Example: `basename $0` 2 sleep 3 || echo timeout" >&2
    exit 1
fi

cleanup()
{
    trap - ALRM               #reset handler to default
    kill -ALRM $a 2>/dev/null #stop timer subshell if running
    kill $! 2>/dev/null &&    #kill last job
      exit 124                #exit with 124 if it was running
}

watchit()
{
    trap "cleanup" ALRM
    sleep $1& wait
    kill -ALRM $$
}

watchit $1& a=$!         #start the timeout
shift                    #first param was timeout for sleep
trap "cleanup" ALRM INT  #cleanup after timeout
"$@"& wait $!; RET=$?    #start the job wait for it and save its return value
kill -ALRM $a            #send ALRM signal to watchit
wait $a                  #wait for watchit to finish cleanup
exit $RET                #return the value

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