R:按组和添加的差异 [英] R: Differences by group and adding

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问题描述

我想知道如何做这个操作更简单。

想象一下,我有一个这样的数据框架:

 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b $ b TT<  -  rep(1:4,3)
ZZ < - ave(XX * TT,ID,FUN = cumsum)
DF< - data.frame(ID,XX, ZZ)

ID TT XX ZZ
1 1 0.266 0.266
1 2 0.372 1.010
1 3 0.573 2.729
1 4 0.908 6.361
2 1 0.202 0.202
2 2 0.898 1.998
2 3 0.945 4.833
2 4 0.661 7.477
3 1 0.629 0.629
3 2 0.062 0.753
3 3 0.206 1.371
3 4 0.177 2.079

我希望得到每列,由ID的组中的增量(两个连续元素之间的差异)。保持第一个(好像有一个零)。

  ID TT XX ZZ 
1 1 0.266 0.266
1 2 0.106 0.744
1 3 0.201 1.719
1 4 0.335 3.632
2 1 0.202 0.202
2 2 0.696 1.796
2 3 0.047 2.835
2 4 -0.284 2.644
3 1 0.629 0.629
3 2 -0.567 0.124
3 3 0.144 0.618
3 4 -0.029 0.708

我尝试过

  ave (DF [3:4],DF $ ID,FUN = function(x)diff(c(0,x)))

但它不起作用,它会产生错误:

  r [i1]中的错误 - r [-length(r):-( length(r) -  lag + 1L)]:
二进制运算符的非数值参数

有没有简单的方法?

我发现我可以得到正确的输出: / p>

  ave(DF [3:4],DF $ ID,FUN = function(x)
sapply(x,FUN = function(y)diff(c(0,y))))

但它得到相当漫长而复杂的如此简单的操作。
我发现我也可以通过使用data.table来做到这一点,但是我更愿意使用base R来实现。

  setDT(DF)
DF [,lapply(.SD,FUN = function(x)diff(c(0,x))),keyby = ID]

我也不知道如何插入新行(大量零)每个组的开始或给定的一些条件。

  ID XX ZZ 
1 0 0
1 0.266 0.266
1 0.372 1.010
1 0.573 2.729
1 0.908 6.361
2 0 0
2 0.202 0.202
2 0.898 1.998
2 0.945 4.833
2 0.661 7.477
3 0 0
3 0.629 0.629
3 0.062 0.753
3 0.206 1.371
3 0.177 2.079

我尝试过:

  ave(DF [3:4] DF $ ID,FUN = function(x)sapply(x,FUN = function(y)(c(0,y))))

警告:

 数据长度[10]不是子
行的数量[4]

我想这样做的一般方法是工作具有行的索引。



PD:我已经更新了这篇文章。



试图做更简单我已经删除了TT列,但我已经注意到这一点很重要。



我的解决方案假设表是由TT排序的,但有时候不是这样的。
我真正想要的是:

  XX1 
XX2-XX1
XX3-XX2
XX4-XX3

我们得到的子索引不是从表上的位置,而是从T 。
我不知道是否更有效,首先通过TT排序列或创建一个paste()语法。

解决方案

我想您将需要在相关列中使用 lapply(),如 ave()将不参加其第一个参数列表。尝试这样:

  df [-1]<  -  lapply(
df [-1],
函数(x)ave(x,df $ ID,FUN = function(x)c(x [1],diff(x)))

pre>

其中给出了更新的 df


  ID XX ZZ 
1 1 0.266 0.266
2 1 0.106 0.744
3 1 0.201 1.719
4 1 0.335 3.632
5 2 0.202 0.202
6 2 0.696 1.796
7 2 0.047 2.835
8 2 -0.284 2.644
9 3 0.629 0.629
10 3 -0.567 0.124
11 3 0.144 0.618
12 3 -0.029 0.708


数据:

  df<  -  structure(list(ID = c(1L ,1L,1L,1L,2L,2L,2L,2L,3L,3L,
3L,3L),XX = c(0.266,0.372,0.573,0.908,0.202,0.898,0.945,
0.661,0.629,0.062,0.606,0.177),ZZ = c(0.266,1.01,2.729,
6.361,0.22,1.998,4.833,7.477,0.629,0.75,1.37,1,279
))。名= C( ID, XX, ZZ), class =data.frame,row.names = c(NA,
-12L))


I would like to know how to do this operation simpler.
Imagine I have a data.frame like this one:

set.seed(1)
ID <- rep(1:3,each=4)
XX <- round(runif(12),3)
TT <- rep(1:4, 3)
ZZ <- ave(XX*TT,ID, FUN = cumsum)
DF <- data.frame(ID, XX,  ZZ)   

ID  TT   XX    ZZ
1    1   0.266 0.266
1    2   0.372 1.010
1    3   0.573 2.729
1    4   0.908 6.361
2    1   0.202 0.202
2    2   0.898 1.998
2    3   0.945 4.833
2    4   0.661 7.477
3    1   0.629 0.629
3    2   0.062 0.753
3    3   0.206 1.371
3    4   0.177 2.079

I' would like to get, for each column, the increments (differences between two consecutive elements) by groups of ID. Keeping the first one (as if there is a previous zero).

ID    TT      XX    ZZ
 1    1    0.266 0.266
 1    2    0.106 0.744
 1    3    0.201 1.719
 1    4    0.335 3.632
 2    1    0.202 0.202
 2    2    0.696 1.796
 2    3    0.047 2.835
 2    4   -0.284 2.644
 3    1    0.629 0.629
 3    2   -0.567 0.124
 3    3    0.144 0.618
 3    4   -0.029 0.708

I've tried with

ave(DF[3:4],DF$ID,FUN=function(x) diff(c(0,x)))

but it doesn't work, it produces the error:

 Error in r[i1] - r[-length(r):-(length(r) - lag + 1L)] : 
  non-numeric argument to binary operator 

Isn't there an easy way to do it?
I've found that I can get the proper output with:

ave(DF[3:4],DF$ID,FUN=function(x) 
  sapply(x, FUN=function(y) diff(c(0,y))))

but it gets quite long and complex for a so simple operation. I've found that I can also do it by using data.table but I prefer to be able to do it with base R.

setDT(DF)
DF[, lapply(.SD, FUN=function(x) diff(c(0,x)) ), keyby = ID ]

I also don't know how to insert a new row (plenty of zeroes) at the beginning of each group or given some condition.

ID   XX    ZZ
1     0     0
1 0.266 0.266
1 0.372 1.010
1 0.573 2.729
1 0.908 6.361
2     0     0
2 0.202 0.202
2 0.898 1.998
2 0.945 4.833
2 0.661 7.477
3     0     0
3 0.629 0.629
3 0.062 0.753
3 0.206 1.371
3 0.177 2.079

I've tried with:

ave(DF[3:4],DF$ID,FUN=function(x) sapply(x, FUN=function(y) (c(0,y))))   

warning:

data length [10] is not a sub-multiple or multiple of the number of
rows [4]

I guess the general way to do it would be working with indexes of the rows.

PD: I've updated the post.

Trying to do it simpler I had removed the TT column but I have leater noticed that is important.

My solution assumes that the table is ordered by TT, but sometimes it's not like that. What I really want is:

XX1
XX2-XX1
XX3-XX2
XX4-XX3

Where we get the subindexes not from the position on the table but from T. I don't know whether is more effcicient to do it by first sorting the columns by TT or by creating a paste() syntax.

解决方案

I think you will need to use lapply() across the relevant columns, as ave() will not take a list in its first argument. Try this:

df[-1] <- lapply(
    df[-1], 
    function(x) ave(x, df$ID, FUN = function(x) c(x[1], diff(x)))
)

which gives the updated df

   ID     XX    ZZ
1   1  0.266 0.266
2   1  0.106 0.744
3   1  0.201 1.719
4   1  0.335 3.632
5   2  0.202 0.202
6   2  0.696 1.796
7   2  0.047 2.835
8   2 -0.284 2.644
9   3  0.629 0.629
10  3 -0.567 0.124
11  3  0.144 0.618
12  3 -0.029 0.708

Data:

df <- structure(list(ID = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L), XX = c(0.266, 0.372, 0.573, 0.908, 0.202, 0.898, 0.945, 
0.661, 0.629, 0.062, 0.206, 0.177), ZZ = c(0.266, 1.01, 2.729, 
6.361, 0.202, 1.998, 4.833, 7.477, 0.629, 0.753, 1.371, 2.079
)), .Names = c("ID", "XX", "ZZ"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-12L))

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