如何将字符串解析为Perl中的DateTime对象？ [英] How to parse a string into a DateTime object in Perl?

问题描述

我知道 DateTime Perl模块，许多 DateTime :: Format :: 模块来解析特定类型的日期/时间格式。然而，给出一些日期/时间字符串的例子，我应该怎么弄清楚（在编程/设计时，不是在运行时）我应该使用哪个特定的模块？

I know about the DateTime Perl module, and many of the DateTime::Format:: modules to parse specific kinds of date/time formats. However given some examples of date/time strings, how can I figure out (at coding/design time, not at runtime) which specific module should I use?

例如，我想解析字符串，如： 2011年10月28日9:00 PM PDT

For example, I want to parse strings like: October 28, 2011 9:00 PM PDT

有没有一个最常见的日期/时间格式的列表，我可以查看这个，找到哪个最适合的模块？

Is there a list somewhere of the most common date/time formats where I could look this up and find which would be the most suitable module?

我也知道一些模块试图在运行时猜测每个给定字符串的格式并尽力。但是，对于敏感应用程序，我想在设计应用程序时首先确定（尽可能严格地）格式，然后使用一个模块，如果一个字符串与指定的格式不匹配，则会发出警告。

I also know about some modules which try to "guess" the format for each given string at runtime and do their best. But, for sensitive applications, I would like to determine (as strictly as possible) the format first when designing an application, and then use a module which will warn me if a string does not match the specified format.

我该怎么做？

推荐答案

DateTime::Format::Strptime 使用日期/时间字符串并将其解析为DateTime对象。

DateTime::Format::Strptime takes date/time strings and parses them into DateTime objects.

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use DateTime::Format::Strptime;

my $parser = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
  pattern => '%B %d, %Y %I:%M %p %Z',
  on_error => 'croak',
);

my $dt = $parser->parse_datetime('October 28, 2011 9:00 PM PDT');

print "$dt\n";

模式中使用的字符序列是POSIX标准。有关详细信息，请参阅man strftime。

The character sequences used in the pattern are POSIX standard. See 'man strftime' for details.

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