消耗SOAP的Web服务，而不依赖于在app.config [英] Consume a SOAP web service without relying on the app.config

问题描述

我要建一个.NET组件，将调用外部Web服务。我用添加服务引用对话框，将Web服务添加到我的组件，从而产生消费服务所需的code，并添加设置以app.config文件。

I'm building a .NET component that will call an external web service. I used the "Add Service Reference" dialog to add the web service to my component, which generates the code needed to consume the service and adds the settings to the app.config file.

我通过增加提及从控制台应用程序的DLL和调用创建Web服务的新实例适当的方法测试组件： ... =新MyServiceSoapClient（）。但是，当我这样做，我得到以下异常：

I'm testing the component by adding a reference to its DLL from a Console application and calling the appropriate method that creates a new instance of the web service: ... = new MyServiceSoapClient(). However, when I do this, I get the following exception:

InvalidOperationException异常

InvalidOperationException

找不到了ServiceModel客户端配置节中引用合同'MyServicesSoap默认终结点元素。这可能是因为没有配置文件找到您的应用程序，或者是因为没有终点的元素匹配这份合同可以在客户端元素中找到。

Could not find default endpoint element that references contract 'MyServicesSoap' in the ServiceModel client configuration section. This might be because no configuration file was found for your application, or because no endpoint element matching this contract could be found in the client element.

这是有道理的，因为在app.config没有被带过来与组件的DLL。我怎样才能调用Web服务，而不必依赖于在App.config设置？

This makes sense since the app.config isn't being brought over with the component's DLL. How can I call the web service without having to rely on the settings in the App.Config?

推荐答案

在设置＆LT; system.ServiceModel＆GT; 在app.config文件会告诉组件如何连接到外部Web服务。在XML仅仅是使默认连接到Web服务所需的必要的类和枚举的文本再presentation。

The settings in <system.ServiceModel> in the app.config file will tell the component how to connect to the external web service. The xml is simply a textual representation of the necessary classes and enumerations required to make the default connection to the web service.

例如，这是我添加的Web服务中生成的code：

For example, this is the code that was generated for the web service that I added:

<system.serviceModel>
 <bindings>
  <basicHttpBinding>
   <binding name="MyServicesSoap" closeTimeout="00:01:00" openTimeout="00:01:00"
     receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00" allowCookies="false"
     bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
     maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
     messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
     useDefaultWebProxy="true">
     <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
       maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
     <security mode="None">
      <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
        realm="" />
      <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
     </security>
    </binding>
   </basicHttpBinding>
  </bindings>
 <client>
  <endpoint address="http://services.mycompany.com/WebServices/MyServices.asmx"
    binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MyServicesSoap"
    contract="MyServices.MyServicesSoap" name="MyServicesSoap" />
 </client>
</system.serviceModel>

这可以转化为code像这样：

This can be translated to code like so:

    'Set up the binding element to match the app.config settings '
    Dim binding = New BasicHttpBinding()
    binding.Name = "MyServicesSoap"
    binding.CloseTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)
    binding.OpenTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)
    binding.ReceiveTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)
    binding.SendTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)
    binding.AllowCookies = False
    binding.BypassProxyOnLocal = False
    binding.HostNameComparisonMode = HostNameComparisonMode.StrongWildcard
    binding.MaxBufferSize = 65536
    binding.MaxBufferPoolSize = 524288
    binding.MessageEncoding = WSMessageEncoding.Text
    binding.TextEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8
    binding.TransferMode = TransferMode.Buffered
    binding.UseDefaultWebProxy = True

    binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxDepth = 32
    binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxStringContentLength = 8192
    binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxArrayLength = 16384
    binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxBytesPerRead = 4096
    binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxNameTableCharCount = 16384

    binding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.None
    binding.Security.Transport.ClientCredentialType = HttpClientCredentialType.None
    binding.Security.Transport.ProxyCredentialType = HttpProxyCredentialType.None
    binding.Security.Transport.Realm = ""
    binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = BasicHttpMessageCredentialType.UserName
    binding.Security.Message.AlgorithmSuite = Security.SecurityAlgorithmSuite.Default

    'Define the endpoint address'
    Dim endpointStr = "http://services.mycompany.com/WebServices/MyServices.asmx"
    Dim endpoint = New EndpointAddress(endpointStr)
    'Instantiate the SOAP client using the binding and endpoint'
    'that were defined above'
    Dim client = New MyServicesSoapClient(binding, endpoint)

通常情况下，当您使用参数的构造函数（即新MyServicesSoapClient（）），在app.config文件中的设置将被使用。但是，可以通过明确设置绕过app.config文件的结合和终点在code值和通过这些实例到构造函数。

Usually, when you use the parameterless constructor (i.e. new MyServicesSoapClient()), the settings in the app.config file will be used. However, you can bypass the app.config file by explicitly setting the binding and endpoint values in code and passing those instances into the constructor.

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