C和C ++标准之间的关系是什么？ [英] What is the Relationship Between the C and C++ Standards?

问题描述

我正在写这个答案，我引用了 http：// en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/byte/tolower#Parameters

不能表示为unsigned char和不等于EOF，行为未定义

Is not representable as unsigned char and does not equal EOF, the behavior is undefined

当我去检查已添加此短语的编辑我发现作者的评论：

When I went to inspect the edit that had added this phrase I found that the author's comment:

不能使用每个C99的任何ctype.h函数的负号签名字符7.4 / 1

Can't use negative signed chars with any ctype.h function per C99 7.4/1

作者在C ++文档中引用了C99标准。这是有效的吗？我在C ++标准中找不到这个函数的定义，所以我必须假设它是有效的。

The author is citing from the C99 standard in C++ documentation. Is that valid? I couldn't find anything on the definition of this function in the C++ standard, so I must assume that it is valid.

但是这关系到我的原因有两个： / p>

But this concerns me for 2 reasons:

1. 我将如何知道C ++标准所依赖的C标准版本？


2. C和C ++之间的差异无处不在的列表。如果我参考C ++查看C标准，怎么可能知道我正在查看的区域是否被覆盖？

1. How would I know what version of the C standard the C++ standard depends upon?
2. There are lists of the discrepancies between C and C++ everywhere. If I'm looking at the C standard with reference to C++ how could I possibly know whether the area I'm looking at has been overridden?

推荐答案

对于第一个问题：

C ++标准明确列出了它所依赖的C标准规范性引用部分。对于C ++ 14，[intro.refs] 1.2 / 1碰巧列出C 99：

The C++ standard explicitly lists the C standard(s) on which it depends in its Normative references section. For C++14, [intro.refs] 1.2/1 happens to list C 99:

• ISO / IEC 9899：1999，编程语言— C


• ISO / IEC 9899：1999 / Cor.1：2001（E），编程语言C，Technical Corrigendum 1


• ISO / IEC 9899：1999 / Cor.2：2004（E），编程语言& C，Technical Corrigendum 2


• ISO / IEC 9899：1999 / Cor.3：2007（E），编程语言& C，Technical Corrigendum 3

• ISO/IEC 9899:1999, Programming languages — C
• ISO/IEC 9899:1999/Cor.1:2001(E), Programming languages — C, Technical Corrigendum 1
• ISO/IEC 9899:1999/Cor.2:2004(E), Programming languages — C, Technical Corrigendum 2
• ISO/IEC 9899:1999/Cor.3:2007(E), Programming languages — C, Technical Corrigendum 3

对于第二个问题：

C ++标准不会隐含地包​​含C标准的任何部分;所有对C标准的引用是明确的。 C ++偏离C的一个很好的信息来源是C ++标准的附件C兼容性，特别是C.1 [diff.iso]。

The C++ standard does not implicitly incorporate any parts of the C standard; all references to the C standard are explicit. A good source of information on where C++ deviates from C is Annex C, "Compatibility" of the C++ standard, particularly C.1 [diff.iso].

此外，对C标准库的引用遍及C ++标准库的描述（C ++ 14中的第17章和ndash; 30）。特别感兴趣的可以是：

Additionally, references to the C standard library are scattered throughout the description of the C++ standard library (chapters 17–30 in C++14). Of particular interest can be:

• 17.2 [library.c]，其中描述了C标准库的基本包含


• 第18章[language.support]，其中描述了C ++标准库的许多< c :::> 头文件C标准库功能）。

• 17.2 [library.c], which describes the basic inclusion of the C standard library
• Chapter 18 [language.support], which describes many of the <c:::> headers of the C++ standard library (those which offer the C standard library functionality).

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