按字长索引 [英] Index by word length

问题描述

我的目标是简单地做一个hang子游戏。但是，我已经有点过于雄心勃勃了。我想要求用户输入他们想要多长时间。然后选择该长度的随机字。要索引整个字典的长度在每次迭代都需要太长时间。所以。我有一本格式如下的字典：

zymosans

zymoscope

zymoses

...

我希望能够输出一个文件每个字长自动使用此程序。像这样：

1letterwords.txt

2letterwords.txt

等等。

我昨天开始玩python ...我搜索了网站和这个网站，没有想到什么。
我想要一些关于如何从这个特定的编程问题开始的指针。
提前感谢！
（为了弄清楚，hangman游戏会在所请求的wordlength文件中打开一个随机行，相当显着地降低了性能影响。）

解决方案

获取随机文件行可能不是您想要做的任何事情，或者将它们保留在列表中，和/或dict应该是数百万字的。

您可以通过遍历所有单词并将其添加到列表种子defaultdict中来存储单词长度列表：

 从集合导入defaultdict 
导入随机
 
 wordsByLength = defaultdict（列表）
所有词中的单词：
 wordsByLength [len（word）]。 append（word）
  

然后每当你需要一个随机字，你可以做：

  randomLen = random.choice（wordsByLength.keys（））
 randomWord = random.choice（wordsByLength [randomLen]）
  

或者您可以将randomLen替换为speci你想要的长度。

My aim was to simply make a hangman game. However, I have been slightly over-ambitious. I want to ask the user to input how long they want the word. Then choose a random word of that length. To index an entire dictionary of that length would take far too long on each iteration. So. I have a dictionary, formatted like so:

zymosans

zymoscope

zymoses

...

I would like to be able output a file for each 'length of word' automatically using this program. Like this:

1letterwords.txt

2letterwords.txt

and so forth.

I started python...yesterday. I searched both the web and this site and came up with nothing. I would like some pointers as to how to start with this specific programming problem. Thanks in advance! (To clarify, the hangman game would open a random line in the requested wordlength file, reducing performance impact...fairly dramatically.)

解决方案

Getting random lines of files is probably not what you want to do either ... keeping them in a list and/or dict should be fine even for millions of words.

you can store list of words by their length by iterating over all your words and adding them to a list seeded defaultdict:

from collections import defaultdict
import random

wordsByLength = defaultdict( list )
for word in allWords:
    wordsByLength[ len(word) ].append( word )

Then whenever you need a random word you can do:

randomLen = random.choice( wordsByLength.keys() )
randomWord = random.choice( wordsByLength[ randomLen ] )

Or you can replace randomLen with the specified length you wanted.

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