如何使用Modelform和jquery获取django中的相互依赖的下拉列表? [英] How to get Interdependent dropdowns in django using Modelform and jquery?
问题描述
1.校园
2.学校
3.中心
层次结构是校园有学校和学校有中心。我想互相链接这些下拉列表。
例如,我有3个校园,说Campus1,Campus2,Campus3。如果我选择Campus1,我只能选择校园里的学校1,如果我选择School1,我需要选择School1的中心,所有其他选项都应该被隐藏。
我在网上搜索,并尝试过 http://blog.devinterface.com/2011/ 02 / how-to-implementation-two-drop-down-on-each-other-using-django-and-jquery /
但是对我来说似乎不起作用。
我也检查过这个 http://www.javascriptkit.com/script/script2/triplecombo.shtml
,但由于我使用ModelForm创建表单,这不符合我的需要。
请指导我这样做。
谢谢
您可能需要使用以下技术:
- 自定义Django表单字段(模型格式)
- ajax(以获取记录)
- simplejson(发送json响应到ajax)
- jquery(更新客户端的组合框)
我们来看一个例子(没有真正测试过,只是从我头上):
Models.py
从django.db导入模型
class Campus(models.Model )
name = models.CharField(max_length = 100,choices = choices.CAMPUSES)
def __unicode __(self):
return u'%s'%self.name
class学校(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length = 100)
campus = models.ForeignKey(Campus)
def __unicode __(self):
return u'%s'%self.name
class Cen tre(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length = 100)
school = models.ForeignKey(School)
def __unicode __(self):
返回u'%s'%self.name
Forms.py
导入模型
from django import forms
class CenterForm(forms.ModelForm):
campus = forms .ModelChoiceField(queryset = models.Campus.objects.all())
school = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = models.School.objects.none())#需要使用jquery填充这个
center = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = models.Centre.objects.none())#需要使用jquery填充这个
class Meta:
model = models.Center
fields =('campus','school','center')
现在,写一个方法在你的意见中,返回一个校园里的学校的json对象,并在一所学校的下方:
Views.py
import model
import simplejson
from django.http import HttpResponse
def get_schools(request,campus_id):
campus = models.Campus。 object.get(pk = campus_id)
schools = models.School.objects.filter(campus = campus)
school_dict = {}
在学校的学校:
school_dict [学校.id] = school.name
return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps(school_dict),mimetype =application / json)
def get_centres(request,school_id):
school = models.School.objects.get(pk = school_id)
centers = models.Centre.objects.filter(school = school)
centre_dict = {}
为中心的中心:
centre_dict [centre.id] = centre.name
return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps(centre_dict),mimetype =application / json)
现在编写一个ajax / jquery方法来获取数据并填充HTML中的选择
元素。
AJAX / jQuery
$($($)$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
campus_id = $(this).val();
request_url ='/ get_schools /'+ campus_id +'/';
$ .ajax({
url:request_url,
success:function(data){
$ .each(data,function(index,text){
$ ('select [name = school]')。append(
$('< option>< / option>')。val(index).html(text)
);
});
}
});
返回false;
})
});
I am new to django and jquery. I am working on a django-based app where I have 3 drop downs in a form. 1. Campus 2. School 3. Centre
The hierarchy is Campuses have schools and schools have centres. I want to interlink these drop-downs.
For example, I have got 3 campuses, say Campus1, Campus2, Campus3. If I select Campus1, I should only get to select schools in campus1 and continuing this, if I select School1 then I need to be able to select centres of School1 and all other options should get hidden.
I searched on net and have tried this http://blog.devinterface.com/2011/02/how-to-implement-two-dropdowns-dependent-on-each-other-using-django-and-jquery/ but it doesn't seem to work for me. I have also checked this http://www.javascriptkit.com/script/script2/triplecombo.shtml but since I am using ModelForm to create forms, this doesn't fit to my needs.
Please guide me to do this.
Thanks
You might need to use the following technologies:
- Custom Django Form Fields (Within the model form)
- ajax(to fetch the records)
- simplejson(to send a json response to ajax)
- jquery(to update the combo boxes on client side)
Let's have a look at an example(Not really tested this, just from the top of my mind):
Models.py
from django.db import models
class Campus(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, choices=choices.CAMPUSES)
def __unicode__(self):
return u'%s' % self.name
class School(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
campus = models.ForeignKey(Campus)
def __unicode__(self):
return u'%s' % self.name
class Centre(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
school = models.ForeignKey(School)
def __unicode__(self):
return u'%s' % self.name
Forms.py
import models
from django import forms
class CenterForm(forms.ModelForm):
campus = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Campus.objects.all())
school = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.School.objects.none()) # Need to populate this using jquery
centre = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Centre.objects.none()) # Need to populate this using jquery
class Meta:
model = models.Center
fields = ('campus', 'school', 'centre')
Now, write a method in your views that returns a json object for schools under a campus and centres under a school:
Views.py
import models
import simplejson
from django.http import HttpResponse
def get_schools(request, campus_id):
campus = models.Campus.objects.get(pk=campus_id)
schools = models.School.objects.filter(campus=campus)
school_dict = {}
for school in schools:
school_dict[school.id] = school.name
return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps(school_dict), mimetype="application/json")
def get_centres(request, school_id):
school = models.School.objects.get(pk=school_id)
centres = models.Centre.objects.filter(school=school)
centre_dict = {}
for centre in centres:
centre_dict[centre.id] = centre.name
return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps(centre_dict), mimetype="application/json")
Now write a ajax/jquery method to fetch the data and populate the select
elements in the HTML.
AJAX/jQuery
$(document).ready(function(){
$('select[name=campus]').change(function(){
campus_id = $(this).val();
request_url = '/get_schools/' + campus_id + '/';
$.ajax({
url: request_url,
success: function(data){
$.each(data, function(index, text){
$('select[name=school]').append(
$('<option></option>').val(index).html(text)
);
});
}
});
return false;
})
});
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