Python的分解 [英] Python factorization

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本文介绍了Python的分解的处理方法,对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧!

问题描述

我只是想知道,列出了一些所有的整数因素的最佳方法,因为它的主要因素及其指数的字典。
例如,如果我们有{2:3,3:2,5:1}(2 ^ 3 * 3 ^ 2 * 5 = 360)
然后,我可以写:

I'd just like to know the best way of listing all integer factors of a number, given a dictionary of its prime factors and their exponents.
For example if we have {2:3, 3:2, 5:1} (2^3 * 3^2 * 5 = 360)
Then I could write:

for i in range(4):
  for j in range(3):
    for k in range(1):
      print 2**i * 3**j * 5**k

但在这里我有3可怕的循环。是否有可能摘要为特定的任何分解成一个字典对象参数?函数

But here I've got 3 horrible for loops. Is it possible to abstract this into a function given any factorization as a dictionary object argument?

推荐答案

嗯,不是只有你有3个循环,但如果你有超过3个因素这种做法是行不通的:)

Well, not only you have 3 loops, but this approach won't work if you have more than 3 factors :)

一种可能的方式:

def genfactors(fdict):    
    factors = set([1])

    for factor, count in fdict.iteritems():
        for ignore in range(count):
            factors.update([n*factor for n in factors])
            # that line could also be:
            # factors.update(map(lambda e: e*factor, factors))

    return factors

factors = {2:3, 3:2, 5:1}

for factor in genfactors(factors):
    print factor

此外,您还可以避免重复在内部循环的一些工作:如果您的工作组是(1,3),并且要应用到2 ^ 3个因素,我们正在做的:

Also, you can avoid duplicating some work in the inner loop: if your working set is (1,3), and want to apply to 2^3 factors, we were doing:

  • (1,3)U(1,3)* 2 =(1,2,3,6)
  • (1,2,3,6),U(1,2,3,6)* 2 =(1,2,3,4,6,12)
  • (1,2,3,4,6,12)U(1,2,3,4,6,12)* 2 =(1,2,3,4,6, 8,12,24)
  • (1,3) U (1,3)*2 = (1,2,3,6)
  • (1,2,3,6) U (1,2,3,6)*2 = (1,2,3,4,6,12)
  • (1,2,3,4,6,12) U (1,2,3,4,6,12)*2 = (1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24)

看看我们有多少重复在第二组?

See how many duplicates we have in the second sets?

但我们可以做,而不是:

But we can do instead:

  • (1,3)+(1,3)* 2 =(1,2,3,6)
  • (1,2,3,6)+((1,3)* 2)* 2 =(1,2,3,4,6,12)
  • (1,2,3,4,6,12)+(((1,3)* 2)* 2)* 2 =(1,2,3,4,6, 8,12,24)
  • (1,3) + (1,3)*2 = (1,2,3,6)
  • (1,2,3,6) + ((1,3)*2)*2 = (1,2,3,4,6,12)
  • (1,2,3,4,6,12) + (((1,3)*2)*2)*2 = (1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24)

该解决方案看起来即使没有套更好的:

The solution looks even nicer without the sets:

def genfactors(fdict):
    factors = [1]

    for factor, count in fdict.iteritems():
        newfactors = factors
        for ignore in range(count):
            newfactors = map(lambda e: e*factor, newfactors)
            factors += newfactors

    return factors

这篇关于Python的分解的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!

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