如何使用DRF中的一个请求创建多个对象(相关)? [英] How to create multiple objects (related) with one request in DRF?
问题描述
类JobTag(models.Model):
job = models.ForeignKey(Job,unique = False,related_name ='jobtags' )
tag = models.ForeignKey(Tag,unique = False,related_name ='Tag_For_Job')
created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
modified_time = models.DateTimeField (auto_now = True)
class Meta:
unique_together =('job','tag',)
def __unicode __(self):
返回'Tag'+ self.tag.name +'作业'+ self.job.name
然后我有序列化程序:
class TagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model =标签
fields =('url','name' ,'badge_pic')
read_only_fields =('name','badge_pic')
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields =('tag',)
depth = 1
类JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags = JobTagSerializer(many = True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields =('url','name','employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields =('雇主')
所以GET请求的http响应是:
{
url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/jobs/2/,
name:Odprac mi sneh,
雇主:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/,
jobtags:[
{
tag:{
url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/ ,
name:Odhadzovanie snehu,
badge_pic:http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/pictures/tags/0005.jpg
}
}
],
description:blablabla
}
我的问题是非常明显的,我如何创建一个工作实例,并使用一个POST http请求来保存相关的JobTag?
我试图重复一遍方法 http://www.django-rest-framework .ORG / API引导/串行器/#写嵌套的表示的。
class JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags = JobTagSerializer(many = True)
class Meta :
model = Job
fields =('url','name','employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields =('雇主')
def create(self,validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(** validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job = job,** jobtag_data)
return job
但是它返回了create()以后**必须是一个映射,没有列出错误,那么请求data json看起来像什么?
或者这种方法不能在我的情况下使用,我应该做一些完全不同的事情?
我会感谢任何帮助。
修改
如果我尝试访问列表:
def create(self,validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job。 objects.create(** validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job = job,** jobtag_data [0])
返回作业
我发出另一个错误:无法分配OrderedDict():JobTag.tag必须是Tag实例。
所以我猜我的贴子json是错误的格式?我以这种方式尝试了topost数据:
{
name:Odprac mi sneh,
jobtags:[
{
tag:{
url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/
}
}
],
description:veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam,
}
如果有人面对这个,我想出了最合适的解决方案,以便在对象为创建和嵌套序列化被用作输出是这样的:
我为每种情况编写序列化程序,用于序列化发送到客户端的数据:
class JobTagNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields =('tag',)
深度= 1
类JobNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags = JobTagNestedSerializer(many = True,read_only = True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields =('url','name','employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields =('雇主')
并创建新作业,因此从客户端发送到DRF的数据:
pre>
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields =('tag',)
类JobCreateSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags = JobTagSerializer(many = True,required = False)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name','employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields =('雇主')
def create(self,validated_data):
tag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(** validated_data)
在tag_data中的标签:
d = dict(tag)
JobTag.objects.create(job = job,tag_id = d ['tag']。pk)
返回作业
pre> 所以DRF期待客户端的POST json看起来像:
{
name:Odprac mi sneh,
雇主:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/,
jobtags:[
{
tag:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/
},
{
tag:http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/5/
}
],
description:veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam
}
I have one class representing a Job, one class representing a Tag, which describes a Job and then I have a class making a relationship (junction table) between them, so a Job can be described by multiple Tags:
class JobTag(models.Model):
job = models.ForeignKey(Job, unique=False, related_name='jobtags')
tag = models.ForeignKey(Tag, unique=False, related_name='Tag_For_Job')
created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
modified_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now = True)
class Meta:
unique_together = ('job', 'tag',)
def __unicode__(self):
return 'Tag '+self.tag.name +' for job '+ self.job.name
Then I have serializers:
class TagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Tag
fields = ('url','name','badge_pic')
read_only_fields = ('name','badge_pic')
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
depth=1
class JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
So the http response on GET request is:
{
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/jobs/2/",
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"employer": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": {
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/",
"name": "Odhadzovanie snehu",
"badge_pic": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/pictures/tags/0005.jpg"
}
}
],
"description": "blablabla"
}
My question is pretty much obvious, how can I create a job instance and persist them with related JobTags with one POST http request?
I tried to repeat this method http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#writable-nested-representations.
class JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
def create(self, validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, **jobtag_data)
return job
But it returned "create() argument after ** must be a mapping, not list" error, so what should request.data json looks like?
Or this approach cannot be used in my case and should I do something completly different?
I would appreciate any help.
Edit
if i try to access the list:
def create(self, validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, **jobtag_data[0])
return job
I gen another error:"Cannot assign "OrderedDict()": "JobTag.tag" must be a "Tag" instance." So im guessing my posted json is in wrong format? I tried topost data this way:
{
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": {
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/"
}
}
],
"description": "veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam",
}
If anyone else is facing this, the most suitable solution I figured out, so that the hyperlinked serialisation of jobtags was used when object is created and nested serialisation was used as an output is this:
I wrote serializers for each of these cases, for serialisation of data sent to client:
class JobTagNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
depth=1
class JobNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagNestedSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
and for creating new Job, so for data sent from client to DRF:
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
class JobCreateSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True,required=False)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
def create(self, validated_data):
tag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
for tag in tag_data:
d=dict(tag)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, tag_id=d['tag'].pk)
return job
So DRF is expecting the POST json from client to looks like:
{
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"employer": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/"
},
{
"tag": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/5/"
}
],
"description": "veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam"
}
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