硒下载文件 [英] Selenium download file

问题描述

请注意，我没有做这个测试，而是试图自动化一些任务。

所以这里是我的firefox配置文件的set_preference

 个人资料.set_preference（'browser.download.folderList'，2）＃自定义位置
 profile.set_preference（'browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting'，False）
 profile.set_preference（'browser.download.dir '，'/ home / jj / web'）
 profile.set_preference（'browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk'，'application / json，text / plain，application / vnd.ms-excel，text / csv，文本/逗号分隔值，应用程序/八位字节流）
 profile.set_preference（browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force，False）; 
  

然而，我仍然看到要下载的对话框。请帮助我！

提前感谢

解决方案

Selenium firefox webdriver运行Firefox浏览器GUI。当下载被调用时，firefox会显示一个弹出窗口，询问是否要查看文件或保存文件。据我所知，这是一个浏览器的属性，没有办法使用firefox首选项或设置firefox配置文件变量来禁用它。我可以避免firefox下载弹出窗口的唯一方法是使用机械化与硒。我使用Selenium获取下载链接，然后将此链接传递给Mechanize进行实际下载。机械化与GUI实现无关，因此不会显示用户界面弹出窗口。

此剪辑位于Python中，是执行下载操作的类的一部分。

 ＃这些导入是必需的
从selenium import webdriver 
 import mechanize 
 import time 
 
 
＃使用Selenium启动Firefox浏览器
 self.driver = webdriver.Firefox（）
 
＃使用其URL加载下载页面。 
 self.driver.get（self.dnldPageWithKey）
 time.sleep（3）
 
＃查找下载链接并单击
 elem = self.driver。 find_element_by_id（regular）
 dnldlink = elem.get_attribute（href）
 logfile.write（下载链接是：+ dnldlink）
 pos = dnldlink.rfind（/ ）
 dnldFilename = dnldlink [pos + 1：] 
 dnldFilename =/ home /< mydir> / Downloads /+ dnldFilename 
 logfile.write（下载文件名是：+ dnldFilename ）
 
 ####现在使用Mechanize #### 
＃以上，Selenium检索下载链接。因为Selenium的
＃firefox下载问题：它提供了一个需要
＃用户输入的下载对话框，Mechanize将用于执行下载。 
 
＃设置机械化浏览器。浏览器不显示。 
＃它是幕后管理的。 
 br = mechanize.Browser（）
 
＃打开登录页面，下载需要登录
 resp = br.open（webpage.loginPage）
 
＃选择此页面上要使用的表单。只有一个，它是
＃登录表单。 
 br.select_form（nr = 0）
 
＃填写登录表单域并提交表单。 
 br.form ['login_username'] = theUsername 
 br.form ['login_password'] = thePassword 
 br.submit（）
 
＃提交是一个转换页面，链接
＃到欢迎页面。在用户交互式会话中，浏览器将
＃自动切换到欢迎页面。 
＃转换页面上的第一个链接将带我们到欢迎页面。 
＃这个步骤可能不是必需的，但它会将我们放在
＃登录之后。
 br.follow_link（nr = 0）
 
＃现在下载文件
 br.retrieve（dnldlink，dnldFilename）
 
＃下载后关闭Mechanize浏览器;我们完了。 
 br.close（）
  

这对我有用。我希望它有帮助。如果有一个更容易的解决方案，我很想知道。

I'm trying to make a selenium program to automatically download and upload some files.

Note that I am not doing this for testing but for trying to automate some tasks.

So here's my set_preference for the firefox profile

profile.set_preference('browser.download.folderList', 2) # custom location
profile.set_preference('browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting', False)
profile.set_preference('browser.download.dir', '/home/jj/web')
profile.set_preference('browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk', 'application/json, text/plain, application/vnd.ms-excel, text/csv, text/comma-separated-values, application/octet-stream')
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force", False);

Yet, I still see the dialog for download. Please help me!

Thanks in advance

解决方案

The Selenium firefox webdriver runs the firefox browser GUI. When a download is invoked firefox will present a popup asking if you want to view the file or save the file. As far as I can tell this is a property of the browser and there is no way to disable this using the firefox preferences or by setting the firefox profile variables. The only way I could avoid the firefox download popup was to use Mechanize along with Selenium. I used Selenium to obtain the download link and then passed this link to Mechanize to perform the actual download. Mechanize is not associated with a GUI implementation and therefore does not present user interface popups.

This clip is in Python and is part of a class that will perform the download action.

  # These imports are required
  from selenium import webdriver
  import mechanize
  import time


  # Start the firefox browser using Selenium
  self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()

  # Load the download page using its URL.
  self.driver.get(self.dnldPageWithKey)
  time.sleep(3)

  # Find the download link and click it
  elem = self.driver.find_element_by_id("regular")
  dnldlink = elem.get_attribute("href")
  logfile.write("Download Link is: " + dnldlink)
  pos = dnldlink.rfind("/")
  dnldFilename = dnldlink[pos+1:]
  dnldFilename = "/home/<mydir>/Downloads/" + dnldFilename
  logfile.write("Download filename is: " + dnldFilename)

  #### Now Using Mechanize ####
  # Above, Selenium retrieved the download link. Because of Selenium's
  # firefox download issue: it presents a download dialog that requires
  # user input, Mechanize will be used to perform the download.

  # Setup the mechanize browser. The browser does not get displayed.
  # It is managed behind the scenes.
  br = mechanize.Browser()

  # Open the login page, the download requires a login
  resp = br.open(webpage.loginPage)

  # Select the form to use on this page. There is only one, it is the
  # login form.
  br.select_form(nr=0)

  # Fill in the login form fields and submit the form. 
  br.form['login_username'] = theUsername
  br.form['login_password'] = thePassword
  br.submit()

  # The page returned after the submit is a transition page with a link
  # to the welcome page. In a user interactive session the browser would
  # automtically switch us to the welcome page.
  # The first link on the transition page will take us to the welcome page.
  # This step may not be necessary, but it puts us where we should be after
  # logging in.
  br.follow_link(nr=0)

  # Now download the file
  br.retrieve(dnldlink, dnldFilename)

  # After the download, close the Mechanize browser; we are done.
  br.close()

This does work for me. I hope it helps. If there is an easier solution I would love to know it.

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