使用SAX在Perl中解析XML [英] Parsing XML in Perl using SAX

问题描述

我需要使用SAX将一个XML文件解析成Perl，用于执行以下电子邮件验证检查。

• 如果Id只包含字母数字字符，长度介于5到10之间


• 如果LastLoginDate不早于CreationDate


• 如果SubscriptionMontlyFee = 0&& 'SubscriptionType'！= free


• 如果'PaymentMode'未定义&& 'SubscriptionType'！= free


• 如果Provision< 0


• 内部邮件是否存在


• 外部邮件是否存在


• 如果InternalMail = External Mail

否则，返回一个提醒（打印一个消息通知）。

accounts.xml

 <？xml version =1.0encoding =utf-8？> 
< Accounts locale =en_US> 
<帐户> 
< Id> abcd< / Id> 
< OwnerLastName> asd< / OwnerLastName> 
< OwnerFirstName> zxc< / OwnerFirstName> 
< Locked> false< / Locked> 
<数据库>邮件< / Database> 
<客户>邮件< /客户> 
< CreationDate year =2011month =8month-name =fevrierday-of-month =19hour-of-day =15minute =23 = dimanche/> 
< LastLoginDate year =2015month =04month-name =avrilday-of-month =22hour-of-day =11minute =13 = macredi/> 
< LoginsCount> 10405< / LoginsCount> 
< Locale> nl< / Locale> 
< Country> NL< / Country> 
< SubscriptionType> free< / SubscriptionType> 
< ActiveSubscriptionType> free< / ActiveSubscriptionType> 
< SubscriptionExpiration year =1980month =1month-name =janvierday-of-month =1hour-of-day =0minute =0 = jeudi/> 
< SubscriptionMonthlyFee> 0< / SubscriptionMonthlyFee> 
< PaymentMode>未定义< / PaymentMode> 
< Provision> 0< / Provision> 
< InternalMail> [e-mail]< / InternalMail> 
< ExternalMail> [e-mail]< / ExternalMail> 
< GroupMemberships> 
<组> werkgroep X.Y.Z.< / Group> 
< / GroupMemberships> 
< SynchroCount> 6< / SynchroCount> 
< LastSynchroDate year =2003month =12month-name =decembreday-of-month =5hour-of-day =12minute =48 = 狂欢/> 
< HasActiveSync> false< / HasActiveSync> 
<公司/> 
< / Account> 
<帐户> 
< Id> mnbv< / Id> 
< OwnerLastName> cvbb< / OwnerLastName> 
< OwnerFirstName> bvcc< / OwnerFirstName> 
< Locked> true< / Locked> 
<数据库>邮件< / Database> 
<客户>邮件< /客户> 
< CreationDate year =2012month =10month-name =octobreday-of-month =10hour-of-day =10minute =18 = jeudi/> 
< LastLoginDate /> 
< LoginsCount> 0< / LoginsCount> 
< Locale> fr< / Locale> 
< Country> BE< / Country> 
< SubscriptionType> free< / SubscriptionType> 
< ActiveSubscriptionType> free< / ActiveSubscriptionType> 
< SubscriptionExpiration year =1970month =1month-name =janvierday-of-month =1hour-of-day =1minute =0 = jeudi/> 
< SubscriptionMonthlyFee> 0< / SubscriptionMonthlyFee> 
< PaymentMode>未定义< / PaymentMode> 
< Provision> 0< / Provision> 
< InternalMail /> 
< ExternalMail> [e-mail]< / ExternalMail> 
< GroupMemberships /> 
< SynchroCount> 0< / SynchroCount> 
< LastSynchroDate year =1970month =1month-name =janvierday-of-month =1hour-of-day =1minute =0 = jeudi/> 
< HasActiveSync> false< / HasActiveSync> 
<公司/> 
< / Account> 
< / Accounts> 
  

我尝试过几次失败的尝试（如下），并将非常感谢您在这方面的帮助。 / p>

尝试进行解析（但无法从内部哈希中检索值）。

 使用警告; 
使用strict; 
使用XML :: SAX; 
 my $ parser = XML :: SAX :: ParserFactory-> parser（Handler => MySAXHandler-> new）; 
 $ parser-> parse_uri（accounts.xml）; 
 
包MySAXHandler; 
使用基础qw（XML :: SAX :: Base）; 
 
 sub start_element {
 my（$ self，$ el）= @_; 
 
我的$ ElementName = $ el-> {Name}; 
 my $ attr =％{$ el-> {Attributes}}; 
 my $ attr_value =％{$ el-> {Attributes}  - > {'LocalName'}}; 
 
打印我的$ loginID，\\\
; 
 print $ ElementName，\\\
; 
 print $ attr_value，\\\
; 
} 
  

执行验证检查。

  printCurrently looking into（标量@account）。elements; 
 
＃检查如果登录只包含字母数字字符并且具有可接受的长度
打印ALERT  -  ID包含无效字符，除非（$ login =〜m / [a-zA-Z @。] + $ /）; 
＃或打印ALERT  -  ID包含无效字符，除非（$ accountRef-> {Login} =〜/ ^ [a-zA-Z] $ /）; 
打印ALERT  -  ID长度大于8个字符除非（length。$ account [0]> 20）; 
 
 #print可疑ALERT  - 帐户创建和登录时间相同，除非（$ account [4]！= $ account [5]）; 
 print可疑ALERT  - 上次登录是在帐户创建之前，除非（$ account [5]> $ account [4]）; 
打印可疑ALERT  - 不正确的登录计数，除非（$ account [6]> 0&  $ account [5]> $ account [4]）; 
 
 #Checking if Subscription Type&活动订阅类型是相同的 -  DISCARDED 
 #printALERT  - 首选订阅和当前订阅类型不一样，除非（$ account [9] eq $ account [10]）; 
 
＃如果订阅费用与订阅类型
匹配，则检查（$ account [9] eqfree&& account [12] = 0）{
 #print 用户订阅是免费订阅，不收费
 return 0; 
} elsif（（account [9] eqlight|| account [9] eqregular|| account [9] eqadvanced）&& account [12]< = 0） {
 printALERT  - 用户订阅是account [9]，他/她没有收费; 
} else {
 #print用户订阅是$ account [9]，他/她正在收费帐户[12]; 
 return 0; 
} 
 
＃检查付款模式是否未定义，订阅类型不可用
如果（$ account [9] nefree&& account [13 ] eq'undefined'）{printALERT  - 没有定义付款模式，订阅类型不是免费的}}; 
 
＃检查条件是否小于0 
 printALERT  - 用户余额为负数，除非（$ account [14]> = 0）; 
 
＃检查内部电子邮件是否存在
打印ALERT  - 用户没有内部电子邮件地址，除非（$ account [15]！=）; 
 
＃检查外部电子邮件是否存在
打印ALERT  - 用户没有外部电子邮件地址，除非（$ account [16]！=）; 
 
＃检查外部电子邮件是否存在
打印ALERT  - 用户没有外部和内部电子邮件地址相同，除非（$ account [15] ne $ account [ 16]）; 
 
} 
  

解决方案

XML :: LibXML :: Reader 提供了类似SAX的界面，但您可以将元素加注需要时，完整的 XML :: LibXML 对象。前两个条件将被测试如下：

 ＃！/ usr / bin / perl 
使用警告; 
使用strict; 
 
使用XML :: LibXML :: Reader; 
 
我的$ r ='XML :: LibXML :: Reader' - > new（location =>'file.xml'）或死亡; 
 while（$ r-> nextElement（'Account'））{
 my $ xml = $ r-> copyCurrentNode（1）; 
 
我的$ id = $ xml-> findvalue（'Id'）; 
 if（$ id！〜/ ^ [[：alnum：]] + $ / || 5> length $ id || 10< length $ id）{
 printInvalid Id：$ id.\\\
; 
 next 
} 
 
我的@dates = map $ xml-> findnodes（$ _），qw（CreationDate LastLoginDate）; 
 my @date_strings = map sprintf（'％4d％02d％02d％02d％02d'，
 @ $ _ {qw {year month day-of-month hour-of-day minute}}） ，
 @dates; 
 if（$ date_strings [0] gt $ date_strings [1]）{
 print$ id：@ date_strings.\\\
的无效日期; 
} 
 
 ... 
} 
  

请注意，robynsa的 LastLoginDate 为空，因此无法与 CreationDate 进行比较。

I need to parse an XML file into Perl using SAX - for performing the following email validation checks.

• If the 'Id' contains only alphanumeric characters and its length is between 5 and 10
• If the 'LastLoginDate' is not older than 'CreationDate'
• If 'SubscriptionMontlyFee' = 0 && 'SubscriptionType'!= free
• If 'PaymentMode' is undefined && 'SubscriptionType'!= free
• If Provision < 0
• Internal Mail exists or not
• External Mail exists or not
• If InternalMail = External Mail

Otherwise, return an alert (print a message to notify).

accounts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Accounts locale="en_US">
  <Account>
    <Id>abcd</Id>
    <OwnerLastName>asd</OwnerLastName>
    <OwnerFirstName>zxc</OwnerFirstName>
    <Locked>false</Locked>
    <Database>mail</Database>
    <Customer>mail</Customer>
    <CreationDate year="2011" month="8" month-name="fevrier" day-of-month="19" hour-of-day="15" minute="23" day-name="dimanche"/>
    <LastLoginDate year="2015" month="04" month-name="avril" day-of-month="22" hour-of-day="11" minute="13" day-name="macredi"/>
    <LoginsCount>10405</LoginsCount>
    <Locale>nl</Locale>
    <Country>NL</Country>
    <SubscriptionType>free</SubscriptionType>
    <ActiveSubscriptionType>free</ActiveSubscriptionType>
    <SubscriptionExpiration year="1980" month="1" month-name="janvier" day-of-month="1" hour-of-day="0" minute="0" day-name="jeudi"/>
    <SubscriptionMonthlyFee>0</SubscriptionMonthlyFee>
    <PaymentMode>Undefined</PaymentMode>
    <Provision>0</Provision>
    <InternalMail>[e-mail]</InternalMail>
    <ExternalMail>[e-mail]</ExternalMail>
    <GroupMemberships>
      <Group>werkgroep X.Y.Z.</Group>
    </GroupMemberships>
    <SynchroCount>6</SynchroCount>
    <LastSynchroDate year="2003" month="12" month-name="decembre" day-of-month="5" hour-of-day="12" minute="48" day-name="mardi"/>
    <HasActiveSync>false</HasActiveSync>
    <Company/>
  </Account>
  <Account>
    <Id>mnbv</Id>
    <OwnerLastName>cvbb</OwnerLastName>
    <OwnerFirstName>bvcc</OwnerFirstName>
    <Locked>true</Locked>
    <Database>mail</Database>
    <Customer>mail</Customer>
    <CreationDate year="2012" month="10" month-name="octobre" day-of-month="10" hour-of-day="10" minute="18" day-name="jeudi"/>
    <LastLoginDate/>
    <LoginsCount>0</LoginsCount>
    <Locale>fr</Locale>
    <Country>BE</Country>
    <SubscriptionType>free</SubscriptionType>
    <ActiveSubscriptionType>free</ActiveSubscriptionType>
    <SubscriptionExpiration year="1970" month="1" month-name="janvier" day-of-month="1" hour-of-day="1" minute="0" day-name="jeudi"/>
    <SubscriptionMonthlyFee>0</SubscriptionMonthlyFee>
    <PaymentMode>Undefined</PaymentMode>
    <Provision>0</Provision>
    <InternalMail/>
    <ExternalMail>[e-mail]</ExternalMail>
    <GroupMemberships/>
    <SynchroCount>0</SynchroCount>
    <LastSynchroDate year="1970" month="1" month-name="janvier" day-of-month="1" hour-of-day="1" minute="0" day-name="jeudi"/>
    <HasActiveSync>false</HasActiveSync>
    <Company/>
  </Account>
</Accounts>

I have tried several unsuccessful attempts (follows) - and will highly appreciate your help in this regard.

Attempt for doing the parsing (but unable to retrieve values from the inner-hash).

use warnings;
use strict;
use XML::SAX;
my $parser = XML::SAX::ParserFactory->parser(Handler => MySAXHandler->new);
$parser->parse_uri("accounts.xml");

package MySAXHandler;
use base qw(XML::SAX::Base);

  sub start_element {
    my ($self, $el) = @_;

    my $ElementName = $el->{Name};
    my $attr = %{$el->{Attributes}};
    my $attr_value = %{$el->{Attributes}->{'LocalName'}};

    print my $loginID, "\n";      
    print $ElementName, "\n";
    print $attr_value, "\n";
  }

For performing the validation checks.

    print "Currently looking into ".(scalar @account)."elements";

    #Checking If Login only includes Alphanumeric characters and has acceptable length
    print "ALERT - ID contains invalid characters" unless ($login =~ m/[a-zA-Z@.]+$/);
    # Or print "ALERT - ID contains invalid characters" unless ($accountRef->{"Login"} =~ /^[a-zA-Z]$/);
    print "ALERT - ID length is greater than 8 characters" unless (length.$account[0] > 20);

    #print "Suspicious ALERT - Account Creation and Login time is same" unless ($account[4] != $account[5]);
    print "Suspicious ALERT - Last Login was before the account creation" unless ($account[5] > $account[4]);
    print "Suspicious ALERT - Incorrect Login Counts" unless ($account[6] > 0 && $account[5] > $account[4]);

    #Checking if Subscription Type & Active Subscription Type is same - DISCARDED
    #print "ALERT - Preferred Subscription & Current Subscription Type is not same" unless ($account[9] eq $account[10]);

    #Checking if Subscription Fee matches the Subscription Type
    if( $account[9] eq "free" && account[12] = 0) {
        #print "The user subscription is on free subscription and there are no charges" 
        return 0;
    } elsif((account[9] eq "light" || account[9] eq "regular" || account[9] eq "advanced") && account[12] <= 0) {
        print "ALERT - The user subscription is" account[9] "and he/she is not getting charged";
    } else {
        #print "The user subscription is " $account[9] "and he/she is getting charged" account[12];
        return 0;
    }

    #Checking if the Payment Mode is undefined and the subscription type is not free
    if($account[9] ne "free" && account[13] eq 'undefined') {print "ALERT - Payment mode is not being defined and the subscription type is not free"};

    #Checking if Provision is less than 0
    print "ALERT - The user balance is in negative" unless ($account[14] >= 0 );

    #Checking if Internal Email Exists or not
    print "ALERT - The user doesn't have an internal email address" unless ($account[15] != "" );

    #Checking if External Email Exists or not
    print "ALERT - The user doesn't have an external email address" unless ($account[16] != "" );

    #Checking if External Email Exists or not
    print "ALERT - The user doesn't have an external and internal email addresses are same" unless ($account[15] ne $account[16]);

    }

解决方案

XML::LibXML::Reader provides a SAX-like interface, but you can inflate the element into a full XML::LibXML object when needed. The first two conditions would be tested as follows:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

use XML::LibXML::Reader;

my $r = 'XML::LibXML::Reader'->new(location => 'file.xml') or die;
while ($r->nextElement('Account')) {
    my $xml = $r->copyCurrentNode(1);

    my $id = $xml->findvalue('Id');
    if ($id !~ /^[[:alnum:]]+$/ || 5 > length $id || 10 < length $id) {
        print "Invalid Id: $id.\n";
        next
    }

    my @dates = map $xml->findnodes($_), qw( CreationDate LastLoginDate );
    my @date_strings = map sprintf('%4d%02d%02d%02d%02d',
                                   @$_{qw{ year month day-of-month hour-of-day minute }}),
                           @dates;
    if ($date_strings[0] gt $date_strings[1]) {
        print "Invalid dates for $id: @date_strings.\n";
    }

    ...
}

Note that LastLoginDate for "robynsa" is empty, so it can't be compared to CreationDate.

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