AVR或PIC开始编程微控制器？ [英] AVR or PIC to start programming Microcontroller?

问题描述

我应该从哪个家庭开始学习？ （从未在微控制器上进行编程）

解决方案

今天，AVR和PIC可能是业余爱好者中最常见的微控制器。两者都有非常广泛的设备变体，两者都可以用来获得类似的结果。

对于初学者我会建议AVR由于各种原因：

• AVR系列（小型，大型）是一贯的，易于理解。该架构强大而现代，特别适用于C编译器。 AVRs当然也可以在汇编中进行编程。




• 由于采用C型友好的架构，所以可以使用高质量的C编译器，无论是商业还是免费的。无处不在的GCC被移植到AVR，并被称为 avr-gcc 。 p>




• 为了开始，您真正需要的是几个基本组件，AVR芯片本身和一个面包板。即使PC和AVR之间的编程电缆可以基本上免费构建（所谓的摆动）。然而，有几种商业开发套件是可用的，最值得一提的是Atmel自己的 STK500 。商业开发套件是更昂贵的入门手段，但并不需要几乎任何有关电子学的知识。一些开发工具包包含例如 LCD显示器，所以很容易得到有趣的东西。




• 它有一个丰富的爱好社区 。

PIC是其独特的架构的臭名昭着。许多人喜欢PIC，为此，有些讨厌。 AVR更直接，似乎并没有引起极端和极端的观点。

AVR和PIC都用于许多严重的商业应用。但是，它们当然不是唯一的选择。我的个人喜爱的微控制器既是爱好和商业的工作，也是Silicon Laboratories的C8051系列，最着名的是C8051 F530 。 C8051系列有一个优秀的免费C编译器和汇编程序，名为 SDCC 。

总结：有很多选择，但请不要让这压倒你。只需选一个，开始学习。一旦您决定开始，微控制器真的很容易掌握！

Which family should I start to learn? (Never did any programming on microcontroller)

解决方案

Today AVR and PIC are probably the most common microcontrollers among hobbyists. Both have a very wide range of device variants and both can be used to achieve similar results.

For a beginner I would suggest AVR due to various reasons:

• AVR family (tiny, mega) is coherent and easy to understand. The architecture is powerful and modern, and is especially suitable for C compilers. AVRs can of course be programmed in assembly too.

• Due to its C-friendly architecture, there are quality C compilers available, both commercial and free. The ubiquitous GCC is ported to AVR and called avr-gcc.

• For getting started all you really need is a handful of basic components, the AVR chip itself and a breadboard. Even the programming cable between PC and AVR can be built essentially for free (a so called wiggler). However, several commercial development kits are available, most notably Atmel's own STK500. A commercial development kit is more expensive way for getting started, but doesn't require practically any prior knowledge about electronics. Some development kits contain for example LCD displays so it's easy to get interesting stuff done.

• It has a rich hobbyist community.

PIC is notorious for its peculiar architecture. Many love PIC for this, some hate it. AVR is more straightforward and doesn't seem to cause as much extreme and polar opinions.

Both AVR and PIC are used in many serious commercial applications. However, they are not the only options of course. My personal favorite microcontroller for both hobby and commercial work is Silicon Laboratories' C8051 family, most notably C8051F530. There is an excellent free C compiler and assembler for the C8051 family called SDCC.

Summary: There are lots of options, but please don't let that overwhelm you. Just pick one and start learning with it. Microcontrollers are, really, surprisingly easy to master once you just decide to get going!

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