我如何使自己的微控制器？ [英] How can I make my own microcontroller?
问题描述
如何使自己的微控制器？我使用GAL芯片做了一些工作，并编程了一个芯片来执行简单的命令，如加，加载，移动，输出和输出，但我想做一些更像一个真正的微控制器。
我该怎么做？我已经阅读了一些有关FPGA和CPLD的内容，但并不是很多，因此，正在寻找一些有关如何获取和如何开始开发的建议。
查看 here 了解一本好的wiki书。当我在教电子工程时，我写了一些课程，但我找不到。当我在教学时，大多数学生很高兴在Xilinx Foundation软件包中使用原理图捕获工具。他们现在已经移动到ISE和WebPACK上了。您可以免费下载WebPack，这是有用的，它具有原理图捕获和模拟。
如果您真的想要发光，请学习VHDL或Verilog（VHDL似乎更常见于我工作过的地方，但这只是一小撮小的地方），而不是通过GUI进行设计代码。
如果你知道任何关于数字逻辑设计（和一些HDL）的任何事情我重申，在大约2天内，您可以在VHDL中模拟一个有些功能的8位微处理器。你不会在那段时间内建立任何快速或极大的强大功能，但它是一个很好的起点。如果您必须了解数字设计，请在几天之内了解工具的工作原理并模拟一些基本逻辑电路，然后再转到uP设计。
开始学习数字系统的基础知识，以及如何构建二进制加法器。继续建立一个ALU来处理加法，减法和/或等等，然后定序器从RAM读取操作码并将其提供给执行单元。
您可以使用指导集设计，但是我建议您开始真的很简单，直到你的头脑在发生什么事情，然后将其扔出来，再重新开始更复杂的一些。
一旦你的设计模拟很好，你可以测量它的复杂性，并购买一个设备适合。您应该查看所选设备系列的开发系统。选择一个比您需要开发更大的设备，因为在运行时能够添加额外的仪器来调试它，这是很好的，并且几乎肯定不会在设备的早期阶段优化您的设计。 / p>
编辑： Colin Mackenzie 有一个关于uC的好教程设计和一些FPGA板以及一些其他的东西。
How can I make my own microcontroller? I've done some work using GAL chips and programmed a chip to do simple commands such as add, load, move, xor, and output, but I'd like to do something more like a real microcontroller.
How can I go about doing this? I've read a little bit about FPGA and CPLD, but not very much, and so was looking for some advice on what to get and how to start developing on it.
Look here for a good wiki book. I had some coursework I wrote when I was teaching Electronic Eng, but I couldn't find it around. When I was teaching, most of the students were happy to use the schematic capture tools in the Xilinx Foundation package. They've moved onto ISE and WebPACK now. You can download the WebPack for free, which is useful, and it has schematic capture and simulation in it.
If you really want to shine, learn VHDL or Verilog (VHDL seems to be more common where I've worked, but that is only a small smattering of places) and code the design rather than enter it through the GUI.
If you know ANYTHING at all about digital logic design (and some HDL) I rekon you can have a somewhat functional 8-bit microprocessor simulating in VHDL in about 2 days. You're not going to build anything blazingly fast or enormously powerful in that time but it's a good starting point to grow from. If you have to learn about digital design, factor in a couple of days to learn how the tools work and simulate some basic logic circuits before moving onto the uP design.
Start learning the basics of digital systems, and how to build a binary adder. Move on to building an ALU to handle addition, subtraction, and, or, xor, etc and then a sequencer to read opcodes from RAM and supply them to the execution unit.
You can get fancy with instruction set design, but I'd recommend starting out REALLY simple until you have your head around whats going on, then throw it out and start again with something more complex.
Once you have the design simulating nicely you can gauge its complexity and purchase a device to suit. You should look at a development system for the device family you've chosen. Pick a device bigger than what you need for development because it's nice to be able to add extra instrumentation to debug it when it's running, and you almost certainly won't have optimized your design in the early stages of getting it on the device.
EDIT: Colin Mackenzie has a good tutorial about uC design and some FPGA boards as well as a bit of other stuff.
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