如何在Visual Studio 2010中设置环境变量？ [英] How do I set Environment Variables in Visual Studio 2010?

问题描述

我发现此网页。

其中说：

在项目菜单中，选择属性。

在左窗格中，选择配置属性，然后选择环境。

但是当我选择配置属性时，没有环境选项：

这是VS 2008中的一个例子：

但是在VS 2010中怎么做？

解决方案

您正在将VS2008中的C ++项目与VS2010中的C＃项目进行比较。这两个项目使用不同的构建引擎。 VS2008 C ++项目使用基于make的构建并大量使用环境变量。 VS2010（和VS2008）C＃项目使用MSBuild，很少（1）依赖于环境变量。

除非您修改了.csproj文件或自定义构建工具，变化的环境变量不应该是你想做的任何事情。如果您描述您的目标，我们将能够更好地帮助您建议如何实现。

更新：MSBuild可以使用环境vairables。但是，VS不提供用于设置标准C＃项目的UI（即使您安装较早版本）。很可能您正在查看的构建项目旨在使用 msbuild.exe 从命令行构建。

您有几个选项：

• 在记事本中打开.csproj文件，并添加到< PropertyGroup> 使用要设置的值元素所需的特定变量。 （在MSBuild的工作中设置的属性与Make的环境变量一样）


• 如果环境变量仅用于预构建和后构建事件，则可以在项目中编辑属性，在构建事件选项卡。


• 如果使用msbuild.exe从命令行构建，可以在命令行中指定这些属性，如下所示： msbuild / property：< name> =<值GT; ...


• 您可以创建一个.settings文件，其中包含所有属性，然后将其包含在需要共享的所有.csproj文件中相同的值。


• 您可以打开一个新的命令提示符，设置环境变量，然后从其中启动VS。 VS将从该命令提示符中拾取环境。

（1）我很想说从不，但我确实有几个项目，我希望构建依赖于环境变量，主要是在没有.Net安装的机器上启用自动构建。

How do I set Environment Variables in Visual Studio 2010?

I found this web page.

Which says:

From the Project menu, choose Properties.

In the left pane, select Configuration Properties, and then select Environment.

But when I select "Configuration Properties", there is no "Enviroment" option:

This is an example in VS 2008:

But how is it done in VS 2010?

解决方案

You are comparing a C++ project in VS2008 to a C# project in VS2010. These two projects use different kind of build engine. VS2008 C++ project use a make-based build and use heavily environment variables. VS2010 (and VS2008 for that matter) C# projects use MSBuild and rarely (1) depend on environment variables.

Unless you have modified your .csproj file or have a custom build tool, changing environment variables should not be the way to do whatever you want to it is. If you describe your goal, we'll be able to better help you with advice how to achieve it.

Update: MSBuild can use environment vairables. However, VS does not provide an UI to set those for standard C# projects (even if you install earlier version). Most probably the build project you are looking at is intended to be build from the command line using msbuild.exe.

You have couple of options:

• Open the .csproj file in Notepad and add to the <PropertyGroup> element the particular variable you need with the value you want to set. (properties set in a work for MSBuild like environment variables for Make)
• If the environment variables are used only in the pre-build and post-build events, you can edit those in the Project properties, in the Build Events tab.
• If you build from the command line using msbuild.exe, you can specify those properties on the command line, like this: msbuild /property:<name>=<value> ...
• You can create a .settings file, which contains a with all the properties and then include it in all the .csproj files that need to share same values.
• You can open a new command-prompt, set the environment variables in it and then launch VS from inside it. VS will pick up the environment from that command prompt.

(1) I was tempted to say "never", but I do have couple of projects where I want the build to depend on environment variables, mostly to enable automated builds on machines without .Net installed.

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