在bash中的一个别名中转义单引号 [英] escaping single quotes inside an alias in bash

问题描述

我正在尝试在我的.bashrc文件中设置一个别名，如下所示：

I am trying to set up an alias in my .bashrc file like the below:

clear && printf '\033[3J'

但以下不起作用

alias clall= "clear && printf \'\033[3J\'"
alias clall= "clear \&\& printf \'\\033\[3J\'"

推荐答案

关于别名的一般规则是，如果你有一个关于如何使用它们的问题（或者他们是否足够用于你的目的），你应该使用一个功能。一个函数给你所有的功能（相当多的这个问题），并且不需要任何引用/转义语法：

The general rule about aliases is that if you have a question about how to use them (or whether they're capable enough for your purpose), you should be using a function instead. A function gives you all the capability (considerably more, for that matter), and doesn't require any quoting/escaping syntax:

clall() { clear && printf '\033[3J'; }

---

说，一种方法来指定别名你想要的是以下bash扩展语法：

---

That said, one way to specify the alias you want is the following bash-extended syntax:

# use $'' to make \' and '' valid/meaningful
alias clall=$'clear && printf \'\\033[3J\''

...其中使用 $''允许单引号（和反斜杠）在单引号内进行转义;在正常''引用下，包含的反斜杠是文字的。更多的POSIX-y方法是：

...which uses $'' to allow single-quotes (and backslashes) to be escaped within single-quotes; under normal '' quoting, contained backslashes are literal. A more POSIX-y approach is:

# use '"'"' to put a literal single-quote inside syntactic single-quotes
alias clall='clear && printf '"'"'\033[3J'"'"''

...或，如果（如这里）你没有任何特殊的双引号的语法：

...or, if (as here) you don't have any syntax that's special inside double quotes:

# ...or just use double quotes for the whole thing, absent a reason not to
# ...using command substitution, paramater expansion, etc. would be such a reason.
alias clall="clear && printf '\033[3J'"

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