来自未处理异常的c ++堆栈跟踪？ [英] c++ stack trace from unhandled exception?

问题描述

此问题之前已经被问过，并且已经有Windows特定的答案，但没有令人满意的gcc答案。我可以使用 set_terminate（）设置一个将被调用的函数（代替 terminate（））未处理的异常被抛出。我知道如何使用backtrace库从程序中的给定点生成堆栈跟踪。但是，当我的终止替换被调用时，这不会有帮助，因为在这一点堆栈已经被解开了。

然而，如果我只是允许程序 abort（），它将产生一个核心转储，其中包含从抛出异常点的完整堆栈信息。所以信息在那里 - 但是有没有一个程序化的方式来获取它，例如可以记录，而不是检查核心文件？

解决方案

编辑答案：

您可以使用 std :: set_terminate

  #include< cstdlib> 
 #include< iostream> 
 #include< stdexcept> 
 
 #include< execinfo.h> 
 
 void 
 handler（）
 {
 void * trace_elems [20]; 
 int trace_elem_count（backtrace（trace_elems，20））; 
 char ** stack_syms（backtrace_symbols（trace_elems，trace_elem_count））; （int i = 0; i< trace_elem_count; ++ i）
 
 {
 std :: cout<< stack_syms [i]<< \\\
; 
} 
 free（stack_syms）; 
 
 exit（1）; 
} 
 
 int foo（）
 {
 throw std :: runtime_error（hello）; 
} 
 
 void bar（）
 {
 foo（）; 
} 
 
 void baz（）
 {
 bar（）; 
} 
 
 int 
 main（）
 {
 std :: set_terminate（handler）; 
 baz（）; 
} 
  

给出此输出：

  samm @ macmini〜> ./a.out 
 ./a.out [0x10000d20] 
 /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bb8c8] 
 /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bb90c ] 
 /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bbaa0] 
 ./a.out [0x10000c18] 
 ./a.out [0x10000c70] 
 ./a。 out [0x10000ca0] 
 ./a.out [0x10000cdc] 
 /lib/libc.so.6 [0xfe4dd80] 
 /lib/libc.so.6 [0xfe4dfc0] 
 samjmill @ bgqfen4〜>假设你的二进制文件中有调试符号，那么你可以使用addr2line来构建一个漂亮的堆栈跟踪postmort 
  samm @ macmini〜> addr2line 0x10000c18 
 /home/samm/foo.cc:23 
 samm @ macmini〜> 
  
原始答案在
 
 
 
 
 
 
我以前使用 boost :: error_info 使用 backtrace 从 execinfo.h 注入堆栈跟踪被抛出的异常。
  typedef boost :: error_info< struct tag_stack_str，std :: string> stack_info; 
  
然后当捕捉异常时，可以执行
 } catch（const std :: exception& e）{
 if（std :: string const * stack boost :: get_error_info< stack_error_info>（e））{
 std :: cout<<<堆栈<的std :: ENDL; 
} 
} 
  
 
This question has been asked before and there have been windows-specific answers but no satisfactory gcc answer. I can use set_terminate() to set a function that will be called (in place of terminate()) when an unhandled exception is thrown. I know how to use the backtrace library to generate a stack trace from a given point in the program. However, this won't help when my terminate-replacement is called since at that point the stack has been unwound. 

Yet if I simply allow the program to abort(), it will produce a core-dump which contains the full stack information from the point at which the exception was thrown.  So the information is there -- but is there a programmatic way to get it, for example so it can be logged, rather than having to examine a core file?
解决方案
Edited Answer:

You can use std::set_terminate
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>

#include <execinfo.h>

void
handler()
{
    void *trace_elems[20];
    int trace_elem_count(backtrace( trace_elems, 20 ));
    char **stack_syms(backtrace_symbols( trace_elems, trace_elem_count ));
    for ( int i = 0 ; i < trace_elem_count ; ++i )
    {
        std::cout << stack_syms[i] << "\n";
    }
    free( stack_syms );

    exit(1);
}   

int foo()
{
    throw std::runtime_error( "hello" );
}   

void bar()
{
    foo();
}

void baz()
{
    bar();
}

int
main()
{
    std::set_terminate( handler );
    baz();
}
giving this output:
samm@macmini ~> ./a.out 
./a.out [0x10000d20]
/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bb8c8]
/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bb90c]
/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 [0xf9bbaa0]
./a.out [0x10000c18]
./a.out [0x10000c70]
./a.out [0x10000ca0]
./a.out [0x10000cdc]
/lib/libc.so.6 [0xfe4dd80]
/lib/libc.so.6 [0xfe4dfc0]
samjmill@bgqfen4 ~> 
assuming you have debug symbols in your binary, you can then use addr2line to construct a prettier stack trace postmortem
samm@macmini ~> addr2line 0x10000c18
/home/samm/foo.cc:23
samm@macmini ~> 
original answer is below



I've done this in the past using boost::error_info to inject the stack trace using backtrace from execinfo.h into an exception that is thrown.
typedef boost::error_info<struct tag_stack_str,std::string> stack_info;
Then when catching the exceptions, you can do
} catch ( const std::exception& e ) {                                                                                                            
    if ( std::string const *stack boost::get_error_info<stack_error_info>(e) ) {                    
        std::cout << stack << std::endl;
    }
}


                        
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