我应该抛出什么类型的异常？ [英] What type of exception should I throw?

问题描述

经过一些关于异常处理的链接（ 1 ， 2 和 3 ），我知道C ++程序可以抛出几乎任何异常（ int ， char * ， string ， exception class）。我知道 std :: exception 是程序抛出的标准异常的基类。但是，我试图设计一个尝试 ... catch 块：

After going through some links on exception handling (1, 2, and 3), I know that C++ programs can throw pretty much anything as exceptions (int, char*, string, exception class). I know that std::exception is the base class for standard exceptions thrown by the program. However, I'm trying to design a try...catch block as such:

try
{
    MyFunc();
}
catch (certain exceptions)
{
    // deal with the exception accordingly
}
catch (the rest of the exceptions)
{
    // deal with these accordingly
}

while MyFunc（）包含以下内容：

while MyFunc() contains the following:

void MyFunc()
{
    ...
    if (certain condition is true) throw exception;
    ...
}

麻烦的是，在 MyFunc 函数，我不知道我应该抛出什么类型的异常。为了通过实现我自己的异常类来保持代码清洁，我不知道什么是实现这样的异常类的好方法。

The trouble is that in that part of MyFunc function, I'm not sure what type of exception I should throw. To keep the code clean by implementing my own exceptions class, I have no idea what would be a good way to implement such exceptions class.

推荐答案

您将从 std :: exception ，以便有一些统一处理异常的方法。

You would derive your own class from std::exception, so that there is some way of uniformly handling exceptions.

如果这似乎是过分的，你可以将 std :: logic_error 或旨在供应用程序使用的其他标准异常类型之一。

If this seems like overkill, you can throw std::logic_error or one of the other standard exception types intended for applications to use.

您还可以将这些作为基类用于您自己的更具体的例外：这样可以节省一点工作，因为他们负责实施 / code>方法。

You could also use these as base classes for your own more specific exceptions: this saves a little work because they take care of implementing the what method for you.

请注意，深层异常层次结构可能无法使用，因为您基本上提前猜测如何对错误进行分类，您的客户可能不同意。

Note that deep exception hierarchies can be unusable, because you're basically making a guess in advance about how to categorize the errors, and your clients may disagree.

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