在Mongo数据库中存储图像文件，这是一个好主意吗？ [英] Storing image files in Mongo database, is it a good idea?

问题描述

信息读亦读内懂范读范范辛范范中范讯上范范范范范内信息中信息亦信息信息区亦信息上读信息中信息中信息信读范范辛中的信息信息中预段信息中信息当范信范中亦信端内范范信范范范亦亦亦亦范范范范范范范范范图范范内范范范范范范报范范范范范范范范范报辛范辛范范范范辛范范范秘范亦亦范预辛范范范范范况范辛辛范辛辛亦内范辛辛方式将读读的数范范预读信息上数信息中范范或信息上数信息上信亦亦读信信亦信范预亦读信息中的信息上信息内的数范信信范上亦信信上亦读预侧作为GridFS）来减少存储在服务器上的文件数量;信息当和读亦读信息范范信息范范范范范范内预读的方范范范内范范范范范范范uring范now now references card references大的数据库可以处理这个问题（虽然MongoDB在这方面不如其他许多）。信息范范预叙范范中亦内信息上读范范中信息中信息范范范范亦读信息中信息中信息亦范范信息信息亦范程信息上范范范范范范范范范范范范范范范范范范范标范上范范范范范范范括信息区范范范范范范范范括信息中信息中信息亦亦信息中信息这浪费了大量的RAM和CPU周期。在文件系统中使用大文件比较好的原因是复制它比较容易，您可以让内核直接将文件从磁盘传输到套接字。

将大文件存储在文件系统中的缺点是分发起来要困难得多。使用一个数据库，像Mongo的GridFS，可以扩展。你只需要确保你不要一次把整个文件拷贝到应用程序的内存中，而是一次一个地拷贝。现在大多数web应用程序框架都支持发送分块的HTTP响应。

When working with mysql, it is a bad idea to store images as BLOB in the database, as it makes the database quite large which is harmful for normal usage of the database. Then, it is better to save image files on disk and save link to them within the database.

However, I think this is different for MongoDB, as increasing the database file size has a negligible influence on performance (this is the reason that MongoDB can successfully handle billions of records).

Do you think it is better to save image files on MongoDB (as GridFS) to reduce number of files stored on the server; or still it is better to keep the database as small as possible?

解决方案

The problem isn't so much that the database gets big, databases can handle that (although MongoDB isn't as good as many other in that respect). The problem is that to send the data to the client it first has to be moved into RAM by the database, then copied over to the application's memory, then handed off to the kernel to be sent through the socket. It's wasting lots of RAM and CPU cycles. The reason it's better to have large files in the filesystem is that it's easier to get around copying it, you can ask the kernel to stream the file from disk to the socket directly.

The downside of storing large files in the filesystem is that it's much harder to distribute. Using a database, and something like Mongo's GridFS makes it possible to scale out. You just have to make sure you don't copy the whole file into the application's memory at once, but a chunk at a time. Most web app frameworks have some support for sending chunked HTTP responses nowadays.

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