如何读取Perl中的目录内容？ [英] How do I read in the contents of a directory in Perl?

问题描述

如何让Perl将给定目录的内容读入数组？

Backticks 可以做到这一点，但是有没有使用'scandir'或类似术语的方法？

解决方案

  opendir（D，/ path / to / directory）||死无法打开目录：$！\\\
; 
 while（my $ f = readdir（D））{
 print\ $ f = $ f \\\
; 
} 
 closedir（D）; 
  

编辑：哦，对不起，错过了进入数组的部分：

  my $ d = shift; 
 
 opendir（D，$ d）||死无法打开目录$ d：$！\\\
; 
 my @list = readdir（D）; 
 closedir（D）; 
 
 foreach my $ f（@list）{
 print\ $ f = $ f \\\
; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
编辑2：大部分其他答案是有效的，但我想评论这个答案特别是，在这个解决方案提供：
 
 
  opendir（DIR，$ somedir）||死无法打开目录$ somedir：$！; 
 @dots = grep {（！/ ^ \。/）&& -f$ somedir / $ _} readdir（DIR）; 
 closedir DIR;首先，要记录下它做了什么，因为海报没有：它将返回的列表传递给 
 
 $ b $>通过一个。 /functions/grep.htmlrel =nofollow noreferrer> grep（），它只返回文件的值（与目录，设备，命名管道等相对），而不是以（这使得列表名称 @dots 具有误导性，但是这是由于从readdir（）文档复制它时所做的更改）。由于它限制了它返回的目录的内容，我不认为这在技术上是对这个问题的正确答案，但是它说明了一个常用的习惯用来过滤 Perl ，我认为这将是有价值的文件。另一个很常见的例子是：
 $ b $ $ p $  @list = grep！/ ^ \\。$ /，readdir d）; 
  
这段代码读取目录句柄D 中除'之外的所有内容。和'..'，因为这些是非常罕见的需要在列表中使用
 
How do I get Perl to read the contents of a given directory into an array?

Backticks can do it, but is there some method using 'scandir' or a similar term?
解决方案
opendir(D, "/path/to/directory") || die "Can't open directory: $!\n";
while (my $f = readdir(D)) {
    print "\$f = $f\n";
}
closedir(D);
EDIT: Oh, sorry, missed the "into an array" part:
my $d = shift;

opendir(D, "$d") || die "Can't open directory $d: $!\n";
my @list = readdir(D);
closedir(D);

foreach my $f (@list) {
    print "\$f = $f\n";
}
EDIT2: Most of the other answers are valid, but I wanted to comment on this answer specifically, in which this solution is offered:
opendir(DIR, $somedir) || die "Can't open directory $somedir: $!";
@dots = grep { (!/^\./) && -f "$somedir/$_" } readdir(DIR);
closedir DIR;
First, to document what it's doing since the poster didn't: it's passing the returned list from readdir() through a grep() that only returns those values that are files (as opposed to directories, devices, named pipes, etc.) and that do not begin with a dot (which makes the list name @dots misleading, but that's due to the change he made when copying it over from the readdir() documentation). Since it limits the contents of the directory it returns, I don't think it's technically a correct answer to this question, but it illustrates a common idiom used to filter filenames in Perl, and I thought it would be valuable to document. Another example seen a lot is:
@list = grep !/^\.\.?$/, readdir(D);
This snippet reads all contents from the directory handle D except '.' and '..', since those are very rarely desired to be used in the listing.

                        
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