从导入模块中的函数访问全局变量 [英] Access global variables from a function in an imported module

问题描述

我有一个函数，我从模块中调用。在函数中，我试图访问的两个变量是全局的。当我单独运行IDLE模块时，我仍然可以在函数结束后访问变量，如预期的那样。当我将代码中的函数调用到模块中时，我无法访问变量。

I have a function that i'm calling from module. Within the function the two variables i'm trying to access are made global. When I run the module in IDLE by itself I can still access the variables after the function ends, as expected. When I call the function in the code that I have imported the module into I can't access the variables.

#module to be imported

def globaltest():
    global name
    global age
    name = str(raw_input("What is your name? "))
    age = int(raw_input("What is your age? "))

运行时的输出本身。

>>> globaltest()
What is your name? tom
What is your age? 16
>>> name
'tom'
>>> age
16

并在代码中导入它。

import name_age

name_age.globaltest()

但是当我运行试图访问我已经导入它的代码中的变量。

but when I run attempt to access the variables in the code where I have imported it.

What is your name? tom
What is your age? 16
>>> name

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#10>", line 1, in <module>
 name
NameError: name 'name' is not defined
>>> 

如何在代码中导入模块或访问'name '或'age'变量。

How can I make the variable global in the code where I have imported the module or access the 'name' or 'age' variables in the function.

推荐答案

简单的答案是不要。 Python的全局变量只是模块级的全局变量，甚至模块级的全局变量（即可变模块级全局变量）应该尽可能地避免，并且真正有很少的理由使用它。

The simple answer is "don't". Python's "globals" are only module-level globals, and even module-level globals (mutable module-level globals that is) should be avoided as much as possible, and there's really very very few reasons to use one.

正确的解决方案是学习正确使用函数参数和返回值。在你的情况下，第一种方法是：

The right solution is to learn to properly use function params and return values. In your case a first approach would be

#module.py

def noglobaltest():
    name = str(raw_input("What is your name? "))
    age = int(raw_input("What is your age? "))
    return name, age 

然后：

and then:

from module import noglobaltest

name, age = noglobaltest()
print "name :", name, "age :", age

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