在ggplot2中创建一个部分虚线 [英] Create a partial dashed line in ggplot2

问题描述

我在R中创建一个绘图，需要创建一个线，其中一些值是投影。投影以虚线表示。这是代码：

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ c $ df = data.frame（date = c（rep（2008：2013，by = 1）），
value = c（303,407,538,696,881,1094））


ggplot（df，aes（date，value，width = 0.64））+
geom_bar（stat =身份，fill =＃336699，color =black）+
ylim（c（0,1400））+ opts（title =US Smartphone Users）+
opts（axis。 text.y = theme_text（family =sans，face =bold））+
opts（axis.text.x = theme_text（family =sans，face =bold））+
opts（plot.title = theme_text（size = 14，face =bold））+
xlab（Year）+ ylab（Users（in millions））+
opts（ axis.title.x = theme_text（family =sans））+
opts（axis.title.y = theme_text（family =sans，angle = 90））+
geom_segment（aes x = 2007.6，xend = 2013，y = 550，yend = 1350），arrow = arrow（length = unit（0.4，cm）））

因此，我创建了一条从2008年延伸到2013年的线路。但是，我想要一条从2008年到2011年，并从2011年到最后一条虚线。我只是做了两个单独的线段，或者是有一个单独的命令，我可以使用它来获得所需的结果。

ggplot philosopy很简单。绘图中的每个元素都需要位于不同的图层上。因此，为了在不同的线型中得到两条线段，您需要两条 geom_segment 语句。

  ggplot（df）  [df $ date <= 2011，]，aes（date，value，width = 0.64））+ 
 geom_bar（stat =identity，fill =＃336699，color =black）+ 
 geom_bar（data = df [df $ date> 2011，]，aes（date，value），
 stat =identity，fill =＃336699，color =black，alpha = 0.5） + 
 ylim（c（0,1400））+ opts（title =US Smartphone Users）+ 
 opts（
 axis.text.y = theme_text（family =sans， ），
 axis.text.x = theme_text（family =sans，face =bold），
 plot.title = theme_text（size = 14，face =bold ），
 axis.title.x = theme_text（family =sans），
 axis.title.y = theme_text（family =sans，angle = 90）
）+ 
 xlab（Year）+ ylab（Users（in millions））+ 
 geom_segment（aes（x = 2007.6，xend = 2011，y = 550，yend = 1050），linetype = 1）+ 
 geom_segment（aes（x = 2011，xend = 2013，y = 1050， 
 arrow = arrow（length = unit（0.4，cm）），linetype = 2）
  

I'm creating a plot in R and need to create a line where some of the values are projections. The projections are represented as a dashed line. Here's the code:

df = data.frame(date=c(rep(2008:2013, by=1)),
                value=c(303,407,538,696,881,1094))


ggplot(df, aes(date, value, width=0.64)) + 
        geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill="#336699", colour="black") +
        ylim(c(0,1400)) + opts(title="U.S. Smartphone Users") +
        opts(axis.text.y=theme_text(family="sans", face="bold")) +
        opts(axis.text.x=theme_text(family="sans", face="bold")) +
        opts(plot.title = theme_text(size=14, face="bold")) +
        xlab("Year") + ylab("Users (in millions)") +        
        opts(axis.title.x=theme_text(family="sans")) +
        opts(axis.title.y=theme_text(family="sans", angle=90)) +
        geom_segment(aes(x=2007.6, xend=2013, y=550, yend=1350), arrow=arrow(length=unit(0.4,"cm")))

So I've created a line which extends from 2008 to 2013. However, I want a solid line from 2008 to 2011, and a dashed line from 2011 to the end. Do i just do two seperate line segments, or is there a seperate command I can use to get the desired result.

解决方案

The ggplot philosopy is simple. Each element of a plot needs to be on a different layer. Thus to get two line segments in different line types, you need two geom_segment statements.

I illustrate the same principle with geom_bar in different colours for your different periods.

ggplot(df[df$date<=2011, ], aes(date, value, width=0.64)) + 
    geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill="#336699", colour="black") +
    geom_bar(data=df[df$date>2011, ], aes(date, value),  
        stat = "identity", fill="#336699", colour="black", alpha=0.5) +
    ylim(c(0,1400)) + opts(title="U.S. Smartphone Users") +
    opts(
        axis.text.y=theme_text(family="sans", face="bold"), 
        axis.text.x=theme_text(family="sans", face="bold"), 
        plot.title = theme_text(size=14, face="bold"), 
        axis.title.x=theme_text(family="sans"), 
        axis.title.y=theme_text(family="sans", angle=90)
    ) +
    xlab("Year") + ylab("Users (in millions)") +        
    geom_segment(aes(x=2007.6, xend=2011, y=550, yend=1050), linetype=1) + 
    geom_segment(aes(x=2011, xend=2013, y=1050, yend=1350), 
        arrow=arrow(length=unit(0.4,"cm")), linetype=2) 

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