用ggplot软件包R更改绘图中yaxis面的标签 [英] Change label of yaxis face in plot with ggplot package R
问题描述
库（重塑）
库（ggplot2）这是我的数据集和生成剧情的代码。 ）
set.seed（357）
myLetters< - function（length.out）{
a < - rep（letters，length.out = length.out）
grp < - cumsum（a ==a）
vapply（seq_along（a），
function（x）paste（rep（a [x]，grp [x]），collapse = ），
字符（1L））
}
名称< - myLetters（90）
x< - data.frame（name = name，before = runif（90，min （x，y）= - 1，max = 1），after = runif（90，min = -0.2，max = 0.2））
x < - x [order（x $ before），]
xnew <在$ b $ adata $ name1< - rep（1:90）$ b $之后的子集（xnew，xnew $ variable ==） b bdata< - subset（xnew，xnew $ variable ==before）
bdata $ name1< - rep（1:90）
d< - rbind（bdata，adata）
d $ name1 < - factor（d $ name1，levels = c（1:90），labels = bdata $ name）
colorname <-c（深蓝色，深红色）
绘制< - ggplot（data = d，aes（x = value，y = name1，group = variable，color = variabl e））+
scale_fill_manual（values = colorname）+
scale_colour_manual（values = colorname）+＃I添加此行
geom_point（size = 1）+
geom_path（aes linetype = variable），size = 0.3）+
scale_linetype_manual（values = c（dashed，solid））+
geom_vline（xintercept = c（-0.5,0,0.5），color = color=purple，size = 0.5）+
theme（panel.border = element_rect（color =black，fill = NA，size = 0.5）
）
plot
由于有90个标签，因此y轴刻度标记标签太靠近彼此。是否有办法定位y轴刻度标记标签，以便将第一个标签定位为默认值，第二个标签反映在y轴中，以此类推对于所有90个标签？也许这将有助于使情节更容易阅读。
我不认为有任何方法可以使用常规的 ggplot2 命令来做到这一点。但可以使用 grid 编辑功能来编辑绘图。两种可能性：第一种错开y轴标签，如图所示
第二种可能性 - 需要更多工作
＃获取ggplot grob
g = ggplotGrob（绘图）
＃获取组件的分层列表grobs。
＃需要前面标签的路径，
＃和刻度标记的路径。
grid.ls（grid.force（g））
＃获取有关图表的信息：刻度线标记长度，刻度线标记的右边距以及
＃标签
plot_theme< - 函数（p）{
plyr :: defaults（p $ theme，theme_get（））
}
tickMarkLength< - plot_theme plot）$ axis.ticks.length
textRightMargin < - plot_theme（plot）$ strip.text.y $ margin [2]
numberOfLabels < - length（unique（ggplot_build（plot）$ data）
$ b ##编辑：
＃编辑每个第二个标签的x位置
g = editGrob（grid.force（g），
gPath（axis-l，axis，axis，GRID.text），
x = unit.c（unit（1，npc），unit（1，npc ）+ 2 * tickMarkLength + textRightMargin - unit（1，pt）），
hjust = c（1,0），
grep = TRUE）
＃编辑标记的坐标x
＃需要检查偶数或奇数个标签
xcoord = rep（unit.c（unit（1，npc） - tickMarkLength，unit（1，npc ），
单位（1，npc）+勾号（（numberOfLabels %% 2）== 0）{
xcoord = xcoord
} else {
xcoord = unit.c（xcoord，unit.c（unit（1，npc） - tickMarkLength，unit（1，npc）））
}
g = editGrob（grid.force g），
gPath（axis-l，axis，axis.1-2），
x = xcoord，
grep = TRUE）
＃绘制图
grid.newpage（）
grid.draw（g）
This is my dataset and the code to generate the plot.
library(reshape)
library(ggplot2)
set.seed(357)
myLetters <- function(length.out) {
a <- rep(letters, length.out = length.out)
grp <- cumsum(a == "a")
vapply(seq_along(a),
function(x) paste(rep(a[x], grp[x]), collapse = ""),
character(1L))
}
name <- myLetters(90)
x <- data.frame(name = name, before = runif(90,min=-1, max=1),after = runif(90,min=-0.2, max=0.2))
x <- x[order(x$before),]
xnew <- melt(x, id="name")
adata <- subset(xnew,xnew$variable=="after")
adata$name1 <- rep(1:90)
bdata <- subset(xnew,xnew$variable=="before")
bdata$name1 <- rep(1:90)
d <- rbind(bdata,adata)
d$name1 <- factor(d$name1,levels =c(1:90),labels = bdata$name)
colorname <- c("dark blue","dark red")
plot <- ggplot(data=d,aes(x=value,y=name1,group=variable,color=variable))+
scale_fill_manual(values=colorname) +
scale_colour_manual(values=colorname) + # I ADDED THIS LINE
geom_point(size=1)+
geom_path(aes(linetype = variable),size=0.3)+
scale_linetype_manual(values=c("dashed", "solid"))+
geom_vline(xintercept = c(-0.5,0,0.5),color="purple",size=0.5)+
theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=0.5)
)
plot
The y-axis tick mark labels are too close to each other because there are 90 labels. Is there a way to position the y-axis tick mark labels so that the first label is positioned as default, the second label is refleced in the y-axis, and so on for all 90 labels? Maybe it will help to make the plot easier to read.
I don't think there is any way to do this using regular ggplot2 commands. But it is possible to edit the plot using grid editing functions. Two possibilities: the first staggers the y axis labels as shown here; the second, as you suggest, is to reflect every second label (and tick mark) in the y axis. I leave it to you to decide if either is any more readable than the original.
## Your data and code to generate the unedited plot
library(reshape)
library(ggplot2)
library(grid)
set.seed(357)
myLetters <- function(length.out) {
a <- rep(letters, length.out = length.out)
grp <- cumsum(a == "a")
vapply(seq_along(a),
function(x) paste(rep(a[x], grp[x]), collapse = ""),
character(1L))
}
name <- myLetters(90)
x <- data.frame(name = name, before = runif(90,min=-1, max=1),after = runif(90,min=-0.2, max=0.2))
x <- x[order(x$before),]
xnew <- melt(x, id="name")
adata <- subset(xnew,xnew$variable=="after")
adata$name1 <- rep(1:90)
bdata <- subset(xnew,xnew$variable=="before")
bdata$name1 <- rep(1:90)
d <- rbind(bdata,adata)
d$name1 <- factor(d$name1,levels =c(1:90),labels = bdata$name)
colorname <- c("dark blue","dark red")
plot <- ggplot(data=d,aes(x=value,y=name1,group=variable,color=variable))+
scale_fill_manual(values=colorname) +
scale_colour_manual(values=colorname) + # I ADDED THIS LINE
geom_point(size=1)+
geom_path(aes(linetype = variable),size=0.3)+
scale_linetype_manual(values=c("dashed", "solid"))+
geom_vline(xintercept = c(-0.5,0,0.5),color="purple",size=0.5)+
theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=0.5)
) + theme_bw()
plot
First possibility
# Get the ggplot grob
g = ggplotGrob(plot)
# Make the relevant column a little wider
g$widths[3] = unit(1.5, "cm")
# Get a hierarchical list of component grobs
grid.ls(grid.force(g))
Look through the list to find the section referring to the left axis. The relevant bit is:
axis-l.6-3-6-3
axis.line.y..zeroGrob.1864
axis
axis.1-1-1-1
GRID.text.1861
axis.1-2-1-2
You will need to set up path (see gPath in the editGrob() function below) from 'axis-l', through 'axis', through 'axis', through to 'GRID.text'. The x coordinate for the labels is currently 1npc. All I do here is move every second label to 0npc.
# The edit
g = editGrob(grid.force(g),
gPath("axis-l", "axis", "axis", "GRID.text"),
x = unit(c(1, 0), "npc"),
grep = TRUE)
# Draw the plot
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(g)
Second possibility - Requires a bit more work
# Get the ggplot grob
g = ggplotGrob(plot)
# Get a hierarchical list of component grobs.
# Need a path to the labels as before,
# and a path to the tick marks.
grid.ls(grid.force(g))
# Get info about the plot: tick mark length, right margin of the tick mark labels, and
# number of labels
plot_theme <- function(p) {
plyr::defaults(p$theme, theme_get())
}
tickMarkLength <- plot_theme(plot)$axis.ticks.length
textRightMargin <- plot_theme(plot)$strip.text.y$margin[2]
numberOfLabels <- length(unique(ggplot_build(plot)$data[[1]]$y))
## The edits:
# Edit the x positions of every second label
g = editGrob(grid.force(g),
gPath("axis-l", "axis", "axis", "GRID.text"),
x = unit.c(unit(1, "npc"), unit(1, "npc") + 2*tickMarkLength + textRightMargin - unit(1, "pt")),
hjust = c(1, 0),
grep = TRUE)
# Edit the x coordinates of the tick marks
# Need to check for even or odd number of labels
xcoord = rep(unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - tickMarkLength, unit(1, "npc"),
unit(1, "npc") + tickMarkLength, unit(1, "npc")), numberOfLabels/2)
if((numberOfLabels %% 2) == 0) {
xcoord = xcoord
} else {
xcoord = unit.c(xcoord, unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - tickMarkLength, unit(1, "npc")))
}
g = editGrob(grid.force(g),
gPath("axis-l", "axis", "axis.1-2"),
x = xcoord,
grep = TRUE)
# Draw the plot
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(g)
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