让子进程在Windows上找到git可执行文件 [英] Make subprocess find git executable on Windows

问题描述

import subprocess

proc = subprocess.Popen('git status')
print 'result: ', proc.communicate()

在我的系统路径中有git，但是当我像这样运行子进程时，得到：

WindowsError：[错误2]系统找不到指定的文件

I have git in my system path, but when I run subprocess like this I get:
WindowsError: [Error 2] The system cannot find the file specified

如何获取子进程git在系统路径中？

How can I get subprocess to find git in the system path?

Windows XP上的Python 2.6。

Python 2.6 on Windows XP.

推荐答案

您在这里看到的问题是Windows API函数 CreateProcess 由子进程使用，不会自动解析除 .exe 之外的其他可执行扩展。在Windows上，'git'命令实际上被安装为 git.cmd 。因此，您应该修改您的示例以显式调用 git.cmd ：

The problem you see here is that the Windows API function CreateProcess, used by subprocess under the hood, doesn't auto-resolve other executable extensions than .exe. On Windows, the 'git' command is really installed as git.cmd. Therefore, you should modify your example to explicitly invoke git.cmd:

import subprocess

proc = subprocess.Popen('git.cmd status')
print 'result: ', proc.communicate()

当 shell == True git $ c>是Windows外壳自动解析 git 到 git.cmd 。

import subprocess
import os.path

def resolve_path(executable):
    if os.path.sep in executable:
        raise ValueError("Invalid filename: %s" % executable)

    path = os.environ.get("PATH", "").split(os.pathsep)
    # PATHEXT tells us which extensions an executable may have
    path_exts = os.environ.get("PATHEXT", ".exe;.bat;.cmd").split(";")
    has_ext = os.path.splitext(executable)[1] in path_exts
    if not has_ext:
        exts = path_exts
    else:
        # Don't try to append any extensions
        exts = [""]

    for d in path:
        try:
            for ext in exts:
                exepath = os.path.join(d, executable + ext)
                if os.access(exepath, os.X_OK):
                    return exepath
        except OSError:
            pass

    return None

git = resolve_path("git")
proc = subprocess.Popen('{0} status'.format(git))
print 'result: ', proc.communicate()

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