gitignore除子文件夹中的文件外 [英] gitignore all except file in sub-sub folder

问题描述

我已经尝试过很多.gitignore的组合，但都没有为我需要的组合工作。

  jobs / 
 jobs / projecta / config.xml 
 jobs / projecta /垃圾
 jobs / projecta / more /垃圾
 jobs / projectb / config.xml 
 jobs / projectb / garbage 
 jobs / projectb / more / garbage 
  

垃圾意味着任何其他文件。我只想提交config.xml文件，并忽略作业内的所有内容/除外。所以我试过：

  / jobs / * 
！/ jobs / * / config.xml 
  

这样，作业中的所有内容都将被忽略，包括config.xml文件。以相反的顺序发生。所以，我可以强制添加所有配置文件，并且对它们的更改将被跟踪，但是如果我在作业内添加一个新文件夹，它的config.xml将不会显示为未跟踪文件，因此人们可能忘记添加它们。

我已经尝试了**，但我得到了同样的结果。

有什么想法？
Thanks！

解决方案

我在评论中提到的问题实际上回答了这种情况;关键部分如下：

如果一个目录被排除，Git将永远不会查看该目录的内容。

这只是对 gitignore 文档，重点是我的。

如果父母不能重新包含文件该文件的目录被排除。 由于性能原因，Git没有列出排除的目录，所以包含文件中的任何模式都不起作用，无论它们在何处定义。

---

您的模式 / jobs / * 会忽略作业。这意味着git甚至不会在这个被忽略的文件夹中查看你的！/ jobs / * / config.xml 模式是否与它们中的文件相匹配。

反过来，你必须明确 unignore 子文件夹，然后 reignore 内容;在此之后，您可以再次取消您的 config.xml 文件。这可能看起来很愚蠢，但这就是git句柄忽略的方式。

 ＃忽略/ jobs中的所有内容
 / jobs / * 
＃重新包含/ jobs中的所有文件夹
！/ jobs / * / 
＃忽略/ jobs子文件夹中的所有内容
 / jobs / * / * 
＃Reinclude config .xml文件位于/ jobs的第一级子文件夹中
！/ jobs / * / config.xml 
  

这些模式将忽略作业中第一级子文件夹中的所有内容，但 config.xml / p>

I already tried many combinations of the .gitignore but none worked for what I need. I have this tree:

jobs/
jobs/projecta/config.xml
jobs/projecta/garbage
jobs/projecta/more/garbage
jobs/projectb/config.xml
jobs/projectb/garbage
jobs/projectb/more/garbage

Garbage means any other file. I want to commit only the config.xml files, and ignore everything inside jobs/ except them. So I tried:

/jobs/*
!/jobs/*/config.xml

This way, everything inside jobs are ignored, including the config.xml file. With the inverse order, same happens. So, I can force add all config files and changes to them will be tracked, but if I add a new folder inside jobs, it's config.xml won't appear as a untracked file, so this way people can forgot to add them.

I already tried with **, but I got the same.

Any ideas? Thanks!

解决方案

The question I mentioned in the comments actually answers this scenario; the crucial part is the following:

If a directory is excluded, Git will never look at the contents of that directory.

Which is just a rephrasing of this snippet from the gitignore documentation, emphasis mine.

It is not possible to re-include a file if a parent directory of that file is excluded. Git doesn’t list excluded directories for performance reasons, so any patterns on contained files have no effect, no matter where they are defined.

---

Your pattern /jobs/* will ignore each file and folder in jobs. This means that git won't even look in this ignored folders to see if your !/jobs/*/config.xml pattern matches a file in them.

In turn you have to explicitly unignore the subfolders and then reignore the contents; after this you can again unignore your config.xml files. This might seem silly but that's how git handles ignores.

# Ignore everything in /jobs
/jobs/*
# Reinclude all folders in /jobs
!/jobs/*/
# Ignore everything in the subfolders of /jobs
/jobs/*/*
# Reinclude config.xml files in the first-level subfolders of /jobs
!/jobs/*/config.xml

This patterns will ignore everything but config.xml files in the first-level subfolders of jobs.

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