OS X：便携式Git（又名安装多个Git版本） [英] OS X: portable Git (aka install multiple Git versions)

问题描述

我目前正在尝试在OS X上安装多个Git版本用于测试目的。从 git-scm.com 下载OS X安装程序捆绑软件（安装到 / usr / local / git ），我将它移动到不同的位置，例如〜/ git-1.7.11.1 或〜/ git-1.8.1 。不幸的是，Git不喜欢这样的举动：

  $〜/ git-1.7.11.1 / bin / git fetch 
致命：无法找到'https'的远程助手
  

甚至更糟：

  $〜/ git-1.7.11.1 / bin / git pull 
 git：'pull'不是git命令。参见'git --help'。 
 
你的意思是？ 
 shell 
  

当我设置路径时，它也不起作用：

  $ export PATH =〜/ git-1.7.11.1 / bin：$ PATH 
 $其中git 
 / Users / xxx / git-1.7.11.1 / bin / git 
 $ git pull 
 git：'pull'不是git命令。参见'git --help'。 
 
你的意思是？ 
 shell 
  

我还需要在Git捆绑包中进行更改他们是否可移植（又名在每个位置运行）？

解决方案

git-scm安装程序似乎将所有内容都安装在/ usr / local / git（通过查看git-scm下载中的uninstall.sh文件推断出来）。因此，重命名git目录应该不成问题。你需要做的是增加你的路径：

  PATH = $ PATH：/usr/local/git-1.7。 11.1 / bin 
  

使 git 和全部它的帮助程序可以找到。

请注意，如果您尝试从同一个shell中调用多个git版本，则此方法不起作用;所有版本都会从PATH中的第一个目录获得帮助程序。

您还需要设置环境变量GIT_EXEC_PATH。使用

  git --exec-path 
  

以了解它目前的状况，然后使用新的：

git --exec -path =< ... git-1.7.11.1 /...>

或者定义GIT_EXEC_PATH。

另外，它的构建路径似乎构建在 git 可执行文件中，这可能表明 git 期望其支持文件在默认位置。



  ebg @ ebg（147）$ strings git | grep usr 
 / usr / local / git 
 / usr / local / bin：/ usr / bin：/ bin 
 
 ebg @ ebg（148）$ strings / usr / bin / git | grep usr 
 /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr 
 / usr / local / bin：/ usr / bin：/ bin 
  

因此，请使用GIT_EXEC_PATH。有关详情，请参见 GIT手册页。

I'm currently trying to install multiple Git versions on OS X for testing purposes. After downloading the OS X installer bundle from git-scm.com (which installs to /usr/local/git), I move it to a different location, e.g. ~/git-1.7.11.1 or ~/git-1.8.1. Unfortunately, Git does not like this move:

$ ~/git-1.7.11.1/bin/git fetch
fatal: Unable to find remote helper for 'https'

or even worse:

$ ~/git-1.7.11.1/bin/git pull
git: 'pull' is not a git command. See 'git --help'.

Did you mean this?
        shell

When I set the path, it also does not work:

$ export PATH=~/git-1.7.11.1/bin:$PATH
$ which git
/Users/xxx/git-1.7.11.1/bin/git
$ git pull
git: 'pull' is not a git command. See 'git --help'.

Did you mean this?
        shell

Is there anything I need to change in the Git bundles, too, to make them portable (aka running at each location)?

解决方案

The git-scm installer does appear to install everything in /usr/local/git (inferred by looking at the uninstall.sh file in the git-scm download). Therefore, renaming the git directory should not be a problem. What you need to do is augment your path as such:

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git-1.7.11.1/bin

so that git and all its helper programs can be found.

Note that this approach won't work if you try to call multiple git versions from the same shell; all the versions will get their helper programs from the first directory in PATH.

[edit] You will also need to set the environment variable GIT_EXEC_PATH. Use

git --exec-path

to learn what it currently is and then use a new one with:

git --exec-path=<...git-1.7.11.1/...>

or by defining GIT_EXEC_PATH.

Also it appears that the build path is built into the git executable which may indicate that git expects its supporting files in a default location.

ebg@ebg(147)$ strings git | grep usr
/usr/local/git
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

ebg@ebg(148)$ strings /usr/bin/git | grep usr
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

So, use GIT_EXEC_PATH. See the GIT Man Page for more info.

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