Java：在绘制主画布的类外绘图 [英] Java: Drawing using Graphics outside the class which draws the main canvas

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Graphics开发一个以Java为基础的井字游戏。
我的问题是：我不想在我的Grid.class（绘制3x3行）中添加任何其他方法，但是我想从一个名为Game的类中绘制我的X或O.我的网格类如下所示：

  import java.awt.Graphics; 
 import javax.swing.JPanel; 
 
 public class Grid扩展JPanel {
 
 private final int ITEM_WIDTH = 30; 
 private final int ITEM_HEIGHT = 30; 
 private final int OUTER_WIDTH = 90; 
 private final int OUTER_HEIGHT = 90; 
 
 public void paintComponent（Graphics g）{
 super.paintComponent（g）; 
 drawOuter（g）; 
 drawGrid（g）; 
} 
 
 public void drawOuter（Graphics g）{
 g.drawRect（0，0，OUTER_WIDTH，OUTER_HEIGHT）; 
 
 $ b $ public void drawGrid（Graphics g）{
 //Vertikális
 for（int i = ITEM_WIDTH; i< OUTER_WIDTH; i + = ITEM_WIDTH）{ 
 g.drawLine（i，0，i，OUTER_HEIGHT）; 
} 
 //Horizo​​ntális
 for（int i = ITEM_HEIGHT; i< OUTER_HEIGHT; i + = ITEM_HEIGHT）{
 g.drawLine（0，i，OUTER_WIDTH，i） ; 
 
 
 $ / code $ / pre 
 
 
感谢您的帮助
解决方案
我的建议是尽量让事情尽可能简单。 
 
 
 
 
创建用于保存X和O图像的ImageIcons 
 
在上面的JPanel中放置一个JLabel的GridLayout。 
 
交换JLabel的ImageIcon当我想显示一个X，一个O或一个空格。
 
 
 
概念代码的证明。单击几次JLabels将显示图标。尽管如此，代码没有井字棋逻辑： 
 import java.awt.event。*; 
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 
 
 import javax.swing。*; 
 
 @SuppressWarnings（serial）
 public class XorOorBlank extends JPanel {
 private static final int IMG_WIDTH = 100; 
 private static final颜色背景= Color.LIGHT_GRAY; 
 private static final Color X_COLOR = Color.red; 
 private static final Color O_COLOR = Color.blue; 
 private static final Stroke X_STROKE = new BasicStroke（8f）; 
 private static final int GAP = 8; 
 private static final int SIDE = 3; 
 private图标blankIcon = createBlankIcon（）; 
 private Icon xIcon = createXIcon（）; 
私有图标oIcon = createOIcon（）; 
 
 public XorOorBlank（）{
 setBackground（BACKGROUND）; 
 setLayout（新的GridLayout（SIDE，SIDE，GAP，GAP））; 
 
 MouseListener mouseListener = new MouseAdapter（）{
 @Override 
 public void mousePressed（MouseEvent e）{
 JLabel label =（JLabel）e.getSource（）; 
 Icon icon = label.getIcon（）; 
 if（icon == blankIcon）{
 icon = xIcon; 
} else if（icon == xIcon）{
 icon = oIcon; 
} else if（icon == oIcon）{
 icon = blankIcon; 
} 
 label.setIcon（icon）; 
} 
}; （int i = 0; i< SIDE; i ++）{
 for（int j = 0; j< SIDE; j ++）{
 JLabel label = new JLabel（blankIcon） ; 
 label.addMouseListener（mouseListener）; 
 add（label）; 
 
 
 
 $ b private图标createBlankIcon（）{
 BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage（IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH，
 BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB ）; 
 Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics（）; 
 g2.setColor（Color.white）; 
 g2.fillRect（0，0，IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH）; 
 g2.dispose（）; 
 ImageIcon icon =新ImageIcon（img）; 
返回图标; 
 
 $ b $ private图标createXIcon（）{
 BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage（IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH，
 BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB）; 
 Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics（）; 
 g2.setColor（Color.white）; 
 g2.fillRect（0，0，IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH）; 
 g2.setColor（X_COLOR）; 
 g2.setStroke（X_STROKE）; 
 g2.setRenderingHint（RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING，
 RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON）; 
 int x1 = GAP; 
 int y1 = x1; 
 int x2 = IMG_WIDTH  -  GAP; 
 int y2 = x2; 
 g2.drawLine（x1，y1，x2，y2）; 
 g2.drawLine（x2，y1，x1，y2）; 
 g2.dispose（）; 
 ImageIcon icon =新ImageIcon（img）; 
返回图标; 
 
 $ b $ private图标createOIcon（）{
 BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage（IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH，
 BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB）; 
 Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics（）; 
 g2.setColor（Color.white）; 
 g2.fillRect（0，0，IMG_WIDTH，IMG_WIDTH）; 
 g2.setColor（O_COLOR）; 
 g2.setStroke（X_STROKE）; 
 g2.setRenderingHint（RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING，
 RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON）; 
 int x1 = GAP; 
 int y1 = x1; 
 int x2 = IMG_WIDTH  -  2 * GAP; 
 int y2 = x2; 
 g2.drawOval（x1，y1，x2，y2）; 
 g2.dispose（）; 
 ImageIcon icon =新ImageIcon（img）; 
返回图标; 
 
 
 private static void createAndShowGui（）{
 JFrame frame = new JFrame（X or O）; 
 frame.setDefaultCloseOperation（JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE）; 
 frame.getContentPane（）。add（new XorOorBlank（））; 
 frame.pack（）; 
 frame.setLocationRelativeTo（null）; 
 frame.setVisible（true）; 
 
 
 public static void main（String [] args）{
 SwingUtilities.invokeLater（new Runnable（）{
 public void run（）{
 createAndShowGui（）; 
} 
}）; 
} 
} 
  

注意：不是要找到的paintComponent方法。 / p>

显示：

I'm trying to develop a Tic Tac Toe game in Java using Graphics. My problem is: I don't want to add any other methods inside my Grid.class (which draws the lines 3x3), but i want to draw my X or O from a class called Game. My grid class looks like the following:

import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Grid extends JPanel{

    private final int ITEM_WIDTH = 30;
    private final int ITEM_HEIGHT = 30;
    private final int OUTER_WIDTH = 90;
private final int OUTER_HEIGHT = 90;

public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
    super.paintComponent(g);
    drawOuter(g);
    drawGrid(g);
}

public void drawOuter(Graphics g){
    g.drawRect(0, 0, OUTER_WIDTH, OUTER_HEIGHT);
}

public void drawGrid(Graphics g){
    //Vertikális
    for(int i = ITEM_WIDTH; i < OUTER_WIDTH; i += ITEM_WIDTH){
        g.drawLine(i, 0, i, OUTER_HEIGHT);
    }
    //Horizontális
    for(int i = ITEM_HEIGHT; i < OUTER_HEIGHT; i += ITEM_HEIGHT){
        g.drawLine(0, i, OUTER_WIDTH, i);
    }
}

Thank you for your helps

解决方案

My suggestion would be try to keep things as simple as possible.

• Create ImageIcons that hold your X and O images
• Have a GridLayout of JLabels placed in your JPanel above.
• Swapping the JLabel's ImageIcon when I wanted to display an X, an O, or a blank.

Proof of concept code. Clicking on the JLabels several times will show the icons. The code has no Tic-Tac-Toe logic though:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class XorOorBlank extends JPanel {
   private static final int IMG_WIDTH = 100;
   private static final Color BACKGROUND = Color.LIGHT_GRAY;
   private static final Color X_COLOR = Color.red;
   private static final Color O_COLOR = Color.blue;
   private static final Stroke X_STROKE = new BasicStroke(8f);
   private static final int GAP = 8;
   private static final int SIDE = 3;
   private Icon blankIcon = createBlankIcon();
   private Icon xIcon = createXIcon();
   private Icon oIcon = createOIcon();

   public XorOorBlank() {
      setBackground(BACKGROUND);
      setLayout(new GridLayout(SIDE, SIDE, GAP, GAP));

      MouseListener mouseListener = new MouseAdapter() {
         @Override
         public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            JLabel label = (JLabel) e.getSource();
            Icon icon = label.getIcon();
            if (icon == blankIcon) {
               icon = xIcon;
            } else if (icon == xIcon) {
               icon = oIcon;
            } else if (icon == oIcon) {
               icon = blankIcon;
            }
            label.setIcon(icon);
         }
      };
      for (int i = 0; i < SIDE; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < SIDE; j++) {
            JLabel label = new JLabel(blankIcon);
            label.addMouseListener(mouseListener);
            add(label);
         }
      }
   }

   private Icon createBlankIcon() {
      BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
      Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics();
      g2.setColor(Color.white);
      g2.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH);
      g2.dispose();
      ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(img);
      return icon;
   }

   private Icon createXIcon() {
      BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
      Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics();
      g2.setColor(Color.white);
      g2.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH);
      g2.setColor(X_COLOR);
      g2.setStroke(X_STROKE);
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
            RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
      int x1 = GAP;
      int y1 = x1;
      int x2 = IMG_WIDTH - GAP;
      int y2 = x2;
      g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
      g2.drawLine(x2, y1, x1, y2);
      g2.dispose();
      ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(img);
      return icon;
   }

   private Icon createOIcon() {
      BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
      Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics();
      g2.setColor(Color.white);
      g2.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_WIDTH);
      g2.setColor(O_COLOR);
      g2.setStroke(X_STROKE);
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
            RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
      int x1 = GAP;
      int y1 = x1;
      int x2 = IMG_WIDTH - 2 * GAP;
      int y2 = x2;
      g2.drawOval(x1, y1, x2, y2);
      g2.dispose();
      ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(img);
      return icon;
   }

   private static void createAndShowGui() {
      JFrame frame = new JFrame("X or O");
      frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.getContentPane().add(new XorOorBlank());
      frame.pack();
      frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
      frame.setVisible(true);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
         public void run() {
            createAndShowGui();
         }
      });
   }
}

Note: not a paintComponent method to be found.

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