Groovy范围 - 如何访问方法中的脚本变量 [英] Groovy scope - how to access script variable in a method

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问题描述

我有一个关于Groovy中的范围规则的问题。在下面的代码片段中,我有三个变量, a 具有本地范围, b 具有脚本范围, c 应该使用 @Field 注释来获取脚本范围。

 #!/ usr / bin / groovy 
导入groovy.transform.Field;

// println org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.InvokerHelper.getVersion()

def a = 42;
b =Tea
@Field def c =Cheese

void func()
{
// println a // MissingPropertyException
println b //打印Tea
println c //用groovy打印Cheese2.1.2,用groovy打印MissingPropertyException 1.8.6

}

class Main
{
def method()
{
// println a // MissingPropertyException
// println b // MissingPropertyException
// println c // MissingPropertyException都与1.8.6。和2.1.2
}

}

func();
new Main()。method();

在指示的行上得到 MissingPropertyException 与评论。预计 a 出现异常,因为该变量具有局部范围。但是我期望 b 可以在 method()中访问 - 事实并非如此。
@Field 在groovy 1.8.6中没有做任何事情,虽然在升级之后它可以工作,所以我猜这是一个老bug。尽管如此, c 在任何版本的 method()中都不可访问。



所以我的问题是:


  1. 为什么我不能访问用 @Field
    方法()

  2. 如何在 method()

$中引用脚本变量当你在groovy脚本中有一个 class 声明之外的方法或语句时,隐式类被创建。回答你的问题:
$ b


  1. 在你的例子中, func()可以访问 c 字段,因为它们都是隐式类的成员。 Main 类不是,所以它不能。


  2. 您需要将引用传递给脚本变量为 method()。一种方法是传递隐式定义的绑定对象,通过它可以访问所有脚本范围变量。


示例:

 #!/ usr / bin / groovy 
导入groovy.transform.Field;

// println org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.InvokerHelper.getVersion()

def a = 42;
b =Tea
@Field def c =Cheese

void func()
{
// println a // MissingPropertyException
println b //打印Tea
println c //用groovy打印Cheese2.1.2,用groovy打印MissingPropertyException 1.8.6

}

class Main
{
def scriptObject
def binding

def method()
{
// println a // MissingPropertyException
println binding.b
println scriptObject.c
}
}

func();
new Main(scriptObject:this,binding:binding).method();


I have a question about scoping rules in Groovy. In the following snippet, I have three variables, a has local scope, b has script scope, and c should get script scope as well using the @Field annotation.

#!/usr/bin/groovy
import groovy.transform.Field;

//println org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.InvokerHelper.getVersion()

def a = 42;
b = "Tea"
@Field def c = "Cheese"

void func()
{
    // println a // MissingPropertyException
    println b // prints "Tea"
    println c // prints "Cheese" with groovy 2.1.2, MissingPropertyException with groovy 1.8.6

}

class Main
{
    def method()
    {
        // println a // MissingPropertyException
        // println b // MissingPropertyException
        // println c // MissingPropertyException with both 1.8.6. and 2.1.2
    }

}

func();
new Main().method();

I get MissingPropertyExceptions on the lines indicated with comments. The exceptions on a are expected, as that variable has local scope. But I would expect b to be accessible inside method() - it isn't. @Field doesn't do anything in groovy 1.8.6, although after upgrading it works, so I guess that is an old bug. Nevertheless, c is inaccessible inside method() with either version.

So my questions are:

  1. Why can't I access a variable annotated with @Field inside method()?
  2. How can I refer to a script variable inside method()?

解决方案

When you have methods or statements outside of a class declaration in a groovy script, an implicit class is created. To answer your questions:

  1. In your example, func() can access the field c because they are both members of the implicit class. The Main class is not, so it can't.

  2. You need to pass a reference to the script variable to method(). One way is to pass the implicitly defined binding object, through which you can access all the script scope variables.

Example:

#!/usr/bin/groovy
import groovy.transform.Field;

//println org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.InvokerHelper.getVersion()

def a = 42;
b = "Tea"
@Field def c = "Cheese"

void func()
{
    // println a // MissingPropertyException
    println b // prints "Tea"
    println c // prints "Cheese" with groovy 2.1.2, MissingPropertyException with groovy 1.8.6

}

class Main
{
    def scriptObject
    def binding

    def method()
    {
        // println a // MissingPropertyException
        println binding.b
        println scriptObject.c
    }
}

func();
new Main(scriptObject: this, binding: binding).method();

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