如何在Java Gnome / GTK程序中使用Glade UI（.glade文件）？ [英] How to use a Glade UI (.glade file) in a Java Gnome/GTK program?

问题描述

我在互联网上寻找教程/文档来研究如何在Java Gnome项目中使用Glade中设计的UI，但没有运气。我已经知道如何使用Java Gnome / GTK从代码创建UI。无论如何，我想使用我在Java Gnome / Gtk项目中创建的Glade UI，但我不知道从哪里开始。请告诉我：

• 我需要安装哪些软件包;




• 如何将我用Glade（.glade文件）创建的UI与我的Java Gnome / Gtk项目（特别是在Eclipse中）集成;






在此先感谢。





这就是我的Glade UI的外观（只需点击图片即可看到它）：








这是上面UI的XML代码：



 <？xml version =1.0encoding =UTF-8？> 
< interface> 
 <！ -  interface-requires gtk + 3.0  - > 
< object class =GtkWindowid =window1> 
< property name =can_focus> False< / property> 
< property name =window_position>中心< / property> 
< child> 
< object class =GtkFixedid =fixed1> 
< property name =visible> True< / property> 
< property name =can_focus> False< / property> 
< child> 
< object class =GtkEntryid =entry1> 
< property name =width_request> 162< / property> 
< property name =height_request> 25< / property> 
< property name =visible> True< / property> 
< property name =can_focus> True< / property> 
< property name =halign> start< / property> 
< property name =valign> end< / property> 
< property name =invisible_char>•< / property> 
< / object> 
<包装> 
< property name =x> 11< / property> 
< property name =y> 49< / property> 
< / packing> 
< / child> 
< child> 
< object class =GtkEntryid =entry2> 
< property name =width_request> 162< / property> 
< property name =height_request> 25< / property> 
< property name =visible> True< / property> 
< property name =can_focus> True< / property> 
< property name =halign> start< / property> 
< property name =valign> end< / property> 
< property name =invisible_char>•< / property> 
< property name =invisible_char_set> True< / property> 
< / object> 
<包装> 
< property name =x> 271< / property> 
< property name =y> 49< / property> 
< / packing> 
< / child> 
< child> 
< object class =GtkLabelid =label> 
< property name =height_request> 25< / property> 
< property name =visible> True< / property> 
< property name =can_focus> False< / property> 
 < / object> 
<包装> 
< property name =x> 216< / property> 
< property name =y> 49< / property> 
< / packing> 
< / child> 
< child> 
< object class =GtkButtonid =button> 
< property name =labeltranslatable =yes>计算!!!< / property> 
< property name =use_action_appearance> False< / property> 
< property name =width_request> 84< / property> 
< property name =height_request> 27< / property> 
< property name =visible> True< / property> 
< property name =can_focus> True< / property> 
< property name =receiving_default> True< / property> 
< property name =use_action_appearance> False< / property> 
< / object> 
<包装> 
< property name =x> 181< / property> 
< property name =y> 93< / property> 
< / packing> 
< / child> 
< / object> 
< / child> 
< / object> 
< / interface> 
  




解决方案

好的，您需要：






• 初始GTK库
  
• 创建一个Builder对象
  
• 检索窗口小部件


• 显示窗口小部件






我假设您已经安装了java-gnome库你的Linux系统并将jar导入到你的eclipse项目中（项目属性-java build path - 添加外部jar - /usr/share/java/gtk.jar）。



示例代码：



  Gtk.init（args）; //初始化库
 Builder b = new Builder（）; //创建构建器
 b.addFromFile（filename.glade）; //从文件
加载布局窗口w =（Window）b.getObject（myWindowName）; //检索一个对象
 w.showAll（）; // Show window 
 Gtk.main（）; 
  

这是它的工作方式。如果你想在一个对象上设置一个监听器，例如一个按钮，你可以按照以前看到的名称检索该对象，然后：



  button.connect（new Clicked（） {
 $ b $ @覆盖
 public void onClicked（Button arg0）{
 //做你想要的
} 
}）; 
  

它是否适合您？那么，这不适合我。
问题是我的代码在调用Builder.addFromFile（filename）时抛出一个异常


$ b




java.text.ParseException：Invalid对象类型`GtkLabel'


该错误与树中的第一个元素有关。
经过深入的研究后，我发现，由于一个未知的bug，你需要在使用它之前预先定义每个小部件：在这种情况下，只需调用



  new Label（）; 
  

创建生成器之前。





显然， not 意图以这种方式工作，并且将来会被修复。





有关此问题的更多信息：





在java-gnome-developer邮件列表上的线程





Java-gnome-hackers邮件列表上的线程





希望这可以帮助...


I've did a research on the Internet looking for tutorials/documentations to explain me how to use a UI designed in Glade in a Java Gnome project, but no luck. I already know how to create a UI from the code using the Java Gnome/GTK. Anyway, I'd like to use a Glade UI that I've created in a Java Gnome/Gtk project, but I have no idea from where to start. Please tell me:

• which packages I need to install;

• how to integrate the UI I've create with Glade (the .glade file) with my Java Gnome/Gtk project (specifically in Eclipse);

• and give an example.

Thanks in advance.

That's how my Glade UI looks (Just click the image to see it bigger):

This is the XML code of the UI above:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.0 -->
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <property name="window_position">center</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkFixed" id="fixed1">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkEntry" id="entry1">
            <property name="width_request">162</property>
            <property name="height_request">25</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="halign">start</property>
            <property name="valign">end</property>
            <property name="invisible_char">•</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="x">11</property>
            <property name="y">49</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkEntry" id="entry2">
            <property name="width_request">162</property>
            <property name="height_request">25</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="halign">start</property>
            <property name="valign">end</property>
            <property name="invisible_char">•</property>
            <property name="invisible_char_set">True</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="x">271</property>
            <property name="y">49</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkLabel" id="label">
            <property name="height_request">25</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">*</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="x">216</property>
            <property name="y">49</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="button">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">Calculate!!!</property>
            <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
            <property name="width_request">84</property>
            <property name="height_request">27</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
            <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="x">181</property>
            <property name="y">93</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

解决方案

Ok, you need to:

• Init GTK library
• Create a Builder object
• Retrieve the window widget
• Display the window widget

I assume you have already installed the java-gnome library in your Linux system and imported the jar in your eclipse project (project properties - java build path - add external jars - /usr/share/java/gtk.jar).

A sample code:

Gtk.init(args); //Init library
Builder b = new Builder();  //Create builder
b.addFromFile("filename.glade");  //Load layout from file
Window w = (Window) b.getObject("myWindowName");  //Retrieve an object
w.showAll(); //Show window
Gtk.main();

This is the way it should work. If you want to set a listener on an object, e.g. a button, you retrieve the oject by name as seen before with the window and then:

button.connect(new Clicked() {

    @Override
    public void onClicked(Button arg0) {
        // Do what you want
    }
});

Is it working for you? Well, it's not for me. The problem was my code was throwing an exception when calling Builder.addFromFile(filename)

java.text.ParseException: Invalid object type `GtkLabel'

The error is about the first element in the tree. After a deep research I found that, due to a known bug never fixed, you need to pre-define every widget before using it: in this case just call

 new Label();

before creating the builder.

This is, obviously, not intended to work in this way, and will be fixed in the future.

More info on this issue:

Thread on java-gnome-developer mailing list

Thread on Java-gnome-hackers mailing list

Hope this can help...

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