Haskell程序比其他语言更容易/容易出现的错误种类？ [英] Kinds of bugs that are more likely/prone in Haskell programs than in other languages?

问题描述

其中一个受到高度赞扬的特性是，如果一个程序编译，它很可能是最正确的，比用一个语言不太复杂或严格的类型系统编写的程序更可靠。

也就是说，Haskell是一个将运行时错误转换为编译错误的系统： - ）

我想知道，Haskell编程是否会导致一些程序员可能会引入运行时错误，而这种错误在类型较弱的语言中没有明显的类比（外观和频率）？

一些基本的例子（不是很好，我在寻找什么需要警惕的建议）

• 由于懒惰引起的渐近性能错误


• 由于结构错误递归造成的无限循环
  
• fundeps / type-families将逻辑推入类型级别，其中代码更神秘且错误更难现货？

其他/更好的陷阱例子？

有关该视图的源代码，请参阅：

• E。海塞林克。丝绸：使网页功能。 2012年3月伦敦2012年函数式编程交换。


• C。 J.桑普森。体验报告：Haskell在现实世界中：用懒惰的功能语言编写商业应用程序。在ICFP '09，第185-190页，2009年。


• S。 WEHR。 Kommerzielle Softwareentwicklung mit Haskell。 Hal6，莱比锡，2011年10月。幻灯片（德文版）

One of the highly-touted features is that if a program compiles, it highly likely to be mostly correct, more so than a program written in a language with a less sophisticated or strict type system.

That is, Haskell is a system for translating runtime errors to compiler errors :-)

I wonder, does programming in Haskell give rise to situations where a programmer could introduce a runtime bug that doesn't have an obvious analog (in appearance and frequency) in a less strongly-typed language?

Some basic examples that pop into my head: (not great, I am looking for advice on what to be wary of)

• asymptotic performance bugs due to laziness
• infinite loop due to wrongly structured recursion
• fundeps/type-families pushing logic to type level, where code is more "arcane" and errors are harder to spot?

Other/better examples of gotchas?

解决方案

It doesn’t have to be asymptotic, but space leaks due to lazyness are a problem in real-world applications of Haskell. I know of Haskell-using companies that completely switched to strict datatypes (while still using the laziness of function parameters).

For sources on that view, see:

• E. Hesselink. Silk: making the sematic web functional. Functional Programming Exchange 2012, London, March 2012.
• C. J. Sampson. Experience report: Haskell in the ’real world’: writing a commercial application in a lazy functional lanuage. In ICFP ’09, pages 185–190, 2009.
• S. Wehr. Kommerzielle Softwareentwicklung mit Haskell. Hal6, Leipzig, Oct 2011. Slides (in German).

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