从两个图像之间的差异创建一个掩码（iPhone） [英] Create a mask from difference between two images (iPhone)

问题描述

如何检测2张图像之间的差异，创建不同区域的遮罩以处理两个图像共有的区域（例如高斯模糊）？

How can I detect the difference between 2 images, creating a mask of the area that's different in order to process the area that's common to both images (gaussian blur for example)?

编辑：我目前正在使用此代码获取像素的RGBA值：

I'm currently using this code to get the RGBA value of pixels:

+ (NSArray*)getRGBAsFromImage:(UIImage*)image atX:(int)xx andY:(int)yy count:(int)count
{
    NSMutableArray *result = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:count];

    // First get the image into your data buffer
    CGImageRef imageRef = [image CGImage];
    NSUInteger width = CGImageGetWidth(imageRef);
    NSUInteger height = CGImageGetHeight(imageRef);
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    unsigned char *rawData = malloc(height * width * 4);
    NSUInteger bytesPerPixel = 4;
    NSUInteger bytesPerRow = bytesPerPixel * width;
    NSUInteger bitsPerComponent = 8;
    CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(rawData, width, height,
                    bitsPerComponent, bytesPerRow, colorSpace,
                    kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast | kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);

    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imageRef);
    CGContextRelease(context);

    // Now your rawData contains the image data in the RGBA8888 pixel format.
    int byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * yy) + xx * bytesPerPixel;
    for (int ii = 0 ; ii < count ; ++ii)
    {
        CGFloat red   = (rawData[byteIndex]     * 1.0) / 255.0;
        CGFloat green = (rawData[byteIndex + 1] * 1.0) / 255.0;
        CGFloat blue  = (rawData[byteIndex + 2] * 1.0) / 255.0;
        CGFloat alpha = (rawData[byteIndex + 3] * 1.0) / 255.0;
        byteIndex += 4;

        UIColor *acolor = [UIColor colorWithRed:red green:green blue:blue alpha:alpha];
        [result addObject:acolor];
    }

  free(rawData);

  return result;
}

问题是，图像是从iPhone的相机捕获的，所以它们是不完全一样的立场。我需要创建几个像素的区域并提取区域的一般颜色（可能通过将RGBA值相加并除以像素数？）。我怎么能这样做然后把它翻译成CGMask？

The problem is, the images are being captured from the iPhone's camera so they are not exactly the same position. I need to create areas of a couple of pixels and extracting the general color of the area (maybe by adding up the RGBA values and dividing by the number of pixels?). How could I do this and then translate it to a CGMask?

我知道这是一个复杂的问题，所以任何帮助都会受到赞赏。

I know this is a complex question, so any help is appreciated.

谢谢。

推荐答案

我认为最简单的方法是使用差异混合模式。以下代码基于我在 CKImageAdditions 中使用的代码。

I think the simplest way to do this would be to use a difference blend mode. The following code is based on code I use in CKImageAdditions.

+ (UIImage *) differenceOfImage:(UIImage *)top withImage:(UIImage *)bottom {
    CGImageRef topRef = [top CGImage];
    CGImageRef bottomRef = [bottom CGImage];

    // Dimensions
    CGRect bottomFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, CGImageGetWidth(bottomRef), CGImageGetHeight(bottomRef));
    CGRect topFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, CGImageGetWidth(topRef), CGImageGetHeight(topRef));
    CGRect renderFrame = CGRectIntegral(CGRectUnion(bottomFrame, topFrame));

    // Create context
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    if(colorSpace == NULL) {
        printf("Error allocating color space.\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL,
                                                 renderFrame.size.width,
                                                 renderFrame.size.height,
                                                 8,
                                                 renderFrame.size.width * 4,
                                                 colorSpace,
                                                 kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);

    if(context == NULL) {
        printf("Context not created!\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    // Draw images
    CGContextSetBlendMode(context, kCGBlendModeNormal);
    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectOffset(bottomFrame, -renderFrame.origin.x, -renderFrame.origin.y), bottomRef);
    CGContextSetBlendMode(context, kCGBlendModeDifference);
    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectOffset(topFrame, -renderFrame.origin.x, -renderFrame.origin.y), topRef);

    // Create image from context
    CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIImage * image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef];
    CGImageRelease(imageRef);

    CGContextRelease(context);

    return image;
}

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