如何使用C＃中的继承类实现Xml序列化 [英] How to implement Xml Serialization with inherited classes in C#

问题描述

我有两个类：基类名称Component和名为DBComponent的继承类

I have two classes : base class name Component and inheritd class named DBComponent

[Serializable]
public class Component
{
    private string name = string.Empty;
    private string description = string.Empty;  
}

[Serializable]
public class DBComponent : Component
{
    private List<string> spFiles = new List<string>();

    // Storage Procedure Files
    [XmlArrayItem("SPFile", typeof(string))]
    [XmlArray("SPFiles")]
    public List<string> SPFiles
    {
        get { return spFiles; }
        set { spFiles = value; }
    }

    public DBComponent(string name, string description)
        : base(name, description)
    { }
}  

[Serializable]
public class ComponentsCollection
{
  private static ComponentsCollection instance = null;
  private List<Component> components = new List<Component>();

  public List<Component> Components
  {
      get { return components; }
      set 
      { 
            components = value; 
      }
  }

   public static ComponentsCollection GetInstance()
    {
        if (ccuInstance == null)
        {
            lock (lockObject)
            {
                if (instance == null)
                    PopulateComponents();
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    private static void PopulateComponents()
    {
        instance = new CCUniverse();
        XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(instance.GetType());
        instance = xs.Deserialize(XmlReader.Create("Components.xml")) as ComponentsCollection;
    }
}

}

我想要一个Xml文件中的read\write。我知道我需要为DBComponent类实现Serialization，否则它将无法读取它。但是我找不到任何简单的文章。我找到的所有文章对于这个简单的场景来说太复杂了。

Xml文件如下所示：

I want read\write from a Xml file. I know that I need to implement the Serialization for DBComponent class otherwise it will not read it.But i cannot find any simple article for that. all the articles that I found were too complex for this simple scenario.
The Xml file looks like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
  <ComponentsCollection>    
    <Components>
            <DBComponent Name="Tenant Historical Database" Description="Tenant Historical Database">
                    <SPFiles>
                        <SPFile>Setup\TenantHistoricalSP.sql</SPFile>
                    </SPFiles>
            </DBComponent>
            <Component Name="Agent" Description="Desktop Agent" />
        </Components>  
  </ComponentsCollection>

有人可以给我一个简单的例子来说明如何阅读这种xml文件以及应该是什么实施？

Can someone please give me a simple example of how to read this kind of xml file and what should be implemented ?

谢谢

Lior

Thanks
Lior

推荐答案

不幸的是，你需要告诉 XmlSerializer 你打算使用 XmlArrayItem（）属性序列化或反序列化的类。每种不同的类型也需要自己的元素名称。例如：

Unfortunately, you need to tell the XmlSerializer the classes you intend to serialize or deserialize using the XmlArrayItem() attribute. Each different type also needs its own element name. For example:

public class ComponentDerviedClass1: Component
public class ComponentDerivedClass2: Component
public class ComponentDerivedClass3: Component

// ...

public class ComponentsCollection
{
    [XmlArray("Components")]
    [XmlArrayItem("ComponentDerivedClass1", typeof(ComponentDerivedClass1))]
    [XmlArrayItem("ComponentDerivedClass2", typeof(ComponentDerivedClass2))]
    [XmlArrayItem("ComponentDerivedClass3", typeof(ComponentDerivedClass3))]
    public List<Component> Components
    {
        // ...
    }
}

这将读取如下XML文件：

This would read an XML file like:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<ComponentsCollection>    
  <Components>
     <ComponentDerivedClass1>
         <!-- ... -->
     </ComponentDerivedClass1>
     <ComponentDerivedClass2>
         <!-- ... -->
     </ComponentDerivedClass2>
     <ComponentDerivedClass3>
         <!-- ... -->
     </ComponentDerivedClass3>
   </Components>  
</ComponentsCollection>

每个元素的多个实例可以存在（或者不存在）。

Multiple instances of each element can be present (or none).

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