使用IPython进行Python嵌入：WindowsError：[错误193]％1不是有效的Win32应用程序 [英] Python Embedding with IPython: WindowsError: [Error 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application
问题描述
尝试运行：
#include <Python.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); /* optional but recommended */
Py_Initialize();
PyRun_SimpleString("import IPython\n"
"IPython.embed()\n");
Py_Finalize();
return 0;
}
使用mignw64编译gcc 4.6.0（ g ++ - Windwos 7下的I / c / prog64 / Python27 / include t.cpp /c/prog64/Python27/libs/libpython27.a ）我收到错误：
compiled with mignw64 gcc 4.6.0 ( g++ -I /c/prog64/Python27/include t.cpp /c/prog64/Python27/libs/libpython27.a ) under Windwos 7 I get the error:
$ a.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\terminal\embed.py", line 290, in embed
shell = InteractiveShellEmbed.instance(**kwargs)
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\config\configurable.py", line 354, in instance
inst = cls(*args, **kwargs)
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\terminal\embed.py", line 92, in __init__
display_banner=display_banner
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\terminal\interactiveshell.py", line 328, in __init__
**kwargs
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 483, in __init__
self.init_readline()
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 1817, in init_readline
import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\utils\rlineimpl.py", line 21, in <module>
_rl = __import__(_rlmod_name)
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\readline.py", line 6, in <module>
from pyreadline.rlmain import Readline
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\pyreadline\__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
from . import unicode_helper, logger, clipboard, lineeditor, modes, console
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\pyreadline\console\__init__.py", line 15, in <module>
from .console import *
File "c:\prog64\python27\lib\site-packages\pyreadline\console\console.py", line 610, in <module>
msvcrt = cdll.LoadLibrary(ctypes.util.find_msvcrt())
File "C:\prog64\Python27\Lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 443, in LoadLibrary
return self._dlltype(name)
File "C:\prog64\Python27\Lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 365, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
WindowsError: [Error 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 applicationTraceback (most recent call last):
请注意 PyRun_SimpleString 中的其他命令可以正常工作;另外，在命令行python会话中：
Note that other commands in the PyRun_SimpleString do work; also, in a command line python session:
import IPython
IPython.embed()
有效。
我预计问题与MSVCR90.DLL有关_dlopen查找的位置，以及g ++链接到普通MSVCRT.DLL的事实。使用VS2008进行编译并非易事。使用VS2010进行编译时会看到相同的错误消息。 Python设置是Anaconda Python 2.7.8 64位。
I expect the problem is related to MSVCR90.DLL where the _dlopen looks for, and the fact that g++ links to the "normal" MSVCRT.DLL. Compiling with VS2008 is no easy option. Same error message is seen when compiling with VS2010. Python setup is Anaconda Python 2.7.8 64 bit.
推荐答案
问题确实与msvcr90.dll有关。解决它的方法是将程序与msvcr90.dll相关联。但是，要链接msvcr90.dll，您需要有一个清单，否则您将收到运行时错误。此清单如下所示：
Problem indeed is related to msvcr90.dll. Way to solve it is to link the program against msvcr90.dll. However, to link against msvcr90.dll you need to have a manifest or you will get a runtime error. This manifest looks like:
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges>
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"></requestedExecutionLevel>
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"></assemblyIdentity>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
</assembly>
我用python.exe从文本编辑器中提取并命名为 msvcr90。清单。此清单使用资源文件链接到应用程序 msvcr90.rc
which I extracted from python.exe with a text editor and named msvcr90.manifest. This manifest is linked into the application using the resource file msvcr90.rc
#include "winuser.h"
1 RT_MANIFEST msvcr90.manifest
使用以下方法编译成目标文件：
which in turned can be compiled into an object file using:
windres msvcr90.rc msvcr90.o
比这个资源文件和msvcr90.dll的程序编译成：
Than, compilation of the program with this resource file and msvcr90.dll becomes:
g++ -I /c/prog64/Python27/include t.cpp /c/prog64/Python27/libs/libpython27.a msvcr90.o msvcr90.dll
其中I从C复制MSVCR90.DLL：/Windows/winsxs/amd64_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_750b37ff97f4f68b/msvcr90.dll
where I copied msvcr90.dll from c:/Windows/winsxs/amd64_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_750b37ff97f4f68b/msvcr90.dll
输入来自
- https://cournape.wordpress.com/ 2008/09/02 /如何到EM bed-a-manifest-into-a-dll-with-mingw-tools-only
- 明显被mingw应用程序忽略
- http://www.mingw.org/wiki/MS_resource_compiler
- https://lists.launchpad.net/kicad-developers/msg09473.html
- https://cournape.wordpress.com/2008/09/02/how-to-embed-a-manifest-into-a-dll-with-mingw-tools-only
- Manifest being ignored in mingw app
- http://www.mingw.org/wiki/MS_resource_compiler
- https://lists.launchpad.net/kicad-developers/msg09473.html
和其他一些网页向我解释了如何做到这一点。
and a couple of other web pages which explained me how to do this.
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