如何在ipython中访问shell变量 [英] How to access shell variable in ipython

问题描述

使用！魔法我可以访问 env 输入环境变量，但不能在我的终端中定义，或者 .bashrc 。

Using the ! magic I can access env type environment variables, but not ones defined in my terminal, or .bashrc.

$:/<path>/balter/chip-seq-analysis/chipseq$ echo $hg38
/<path>/genomes/hg38/release-85/Homo_sapiens.GRCh38.dna.primary_assembly.fa
balter@exalab3:/<path>/balter/chip-seq-analysis/chipseq$ ipython
Python 2.7.12 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Jul  2 2016, 17:42:40)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 5.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: !echo $hg38


In [2]: !echo $SHELL
/usr/bin/bash

In [3]:

推荐答案

如果你的变量不是 export ed，那么没有子进程可以访问它们，python与否。

if your variables are not exported, no subprocess can access them, python or not.

foo=value

仅在当前流程中看到（此处： bash ）

is only seen by the current process (here: bash)

但如果你这样做（在你的 .bashrc 中） ：

but if you do (in your .bashrc):

export foo

或设置& export：

or set & export:

export foo=value

然后子过程变量可见变量。这是你的修复。

then the variable becomes visible by subprocesses. That's your fix.

BTW，获得环境。 python中的变量，真正的python方式是：

BTW, to get an env. variable in python, the real python way is:

import os
print(os.getenv("foo"))

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