Spring Data的MongoTemplate和MongoRepository有什么区别？ [英] What's the difference between Spring Data's MongoTemplate and MongoRepository?
问题描述
我需要编写一个应用程序，使用spring-data和mongodb可以执行复杂的查询。我一直在使用MongoRepository，但在复杂的查询中苦苦寻找示例或实际理解语法。
I need to write an application with which I can do complex queries using spring-data and mongodb. I have been starting by using the MongoRepository but struggled with complex queries to find examples or to actually understand the Syntax.
我在谈论这样的查询：
@Repository
public interface UserRepositoryInterface extends MongoRepository<User, String> {
List<User> findByEmailOrLastName(String email, String lastName);
}
或使用基于JSON的查询，我尝试通过反复试验，因为我不要正确的语法。即使在阅读了mongodb文档（由于语法错误而导致的非工作示例）。
or the use of JSON based queries which I tried by trial and error because I don't get the syntax right. Even after reading the mongodb documentation (non-working example due to wrong syntax).
@Repository
public interface UserRepositoryInterface extends MongoRepository<User, String> {
@Query("'$or':[{'firstName':{'$regex':?0,'$options':'i'}},{'lastName':{'$regex':?0,'$options':'i'}}]")
List<User> findByEmailOrFirstnameOrLastnameLike(String searchText);
}
阅读完所有文档后，似乎 mongoTemplate 远远好于 MongoRepository 。我指的是以下文档：
After reading through all the documentation it seems that mongoTemplate is far better documented then MongoRepository. I'm referring to following documentation:
http://static.springsource.org/spring-data/data-mongodb/docs/current/reference/html/
你能告诉我什么更方便，更强大吗？ mongoTemplate 或 MongoRepository ？两者是否相同成熟，或者其中一个缺少更多功能而另一个？
Can you tell me what is more convenient and powerful to use? mongoTemplate or MongoRepository? Are both same mature or does one of them lack more features then the other?
推荐答案
方便和功能强大在某种程度上是矛盾的目标。存储库比模板更方便，但后者当然可以让您对执行的内容进行更细粒度的控制。
"Convenient" and "powerful to use" are contradicting goals to some degree. Repositories are by far more convenient that the templates but the latter of course give you more fine-grained control over what to execute.
由于存储库编程模型可用于多个Spring数据模块你可以在Spring Data MongoDB的常规部分找到更深入的文档参考文档。
As the repository programming model is available for multiple Spring Data modules you find more in-depth documentation of it in the general section of the Spring Data MongoDB reference docs.
TL; DR
我们通常建议采用以下方法：
We generally recommend the following approach:
- 从存储库摘要开始，只使用查询派生机制或手动定义的查询声明简单查询。
- 对于更复杂的查询，请将手动实现的方法添加到存储库（如此处所述）。对于实现，使用
MongoTemplate。
- Start with the repository abstract and just declare simple queries using the query derivation mechanism or manually defined queries.
- For more complex queries, add manually implemented methods to the repository (as documented here). For the implementation use
MongoTemplate.
详细信息
对于你的例子，这看起来像这样：
For your example this would look something like this:
-
为您的自定义代码定义一个界面：
Define an interface for your custom code:
interface CustomUserRepository {
List<User> yourCustomMethod();
}
为此类添加实现并遵循命名约定确定我们可以找到该类。
Add an implementation for this class and follow the naming convention to make sure we can find the class.
class UserRepositoryImpl implements CustomUserRepository {
private final MongoOperations operations;
@Autowired
public UserRepositoryImpl(MongoOperations operations) {
Assert.notNull(operations, "MongoOperations must not be null!");
this.operations = operations;
}
public List<User> yourCustomMethod() {
// custom implementation here
}
}
现在让您的基础存储库接口扩展自定义存储库接口，基础架构将自动使用您的自定义实现：
Now let your base repository interface extend the custom one and the infrastructure will automatically use your custom implementation:
interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long>, CustomUserRepository {
}
这种方式你基本上可以做出选择：易于申报的所有东西都进入 UserRepository ，手动更好实现的一切都进入 CustomUserRepository 。 此处记录了自定义选项。
This way you essentially get the choice: everything that just easy to declare goes into UserRepository, everything that's better implemented manually goes into CustomUserRepository. The customization options are documented here.
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