使用java向WebService发送SOAP请求 [英] SOAP request to WebService with java

问题描述

我对如何通过java向web服务发出请求感到有点困惑。

I'm a bit confused about how to make a request to a webservice via java.

目前我唯一理解的是webservices使用xml结构化消息，但我仍然不太了解如何构造我的请求。

For now the only thing that I've understand is that webservices uses xml structured messages, but still I didn't quite understood how to structure my request.

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soap:Body>
    <getProductDetails xmlns="http://magazzino.example.com/ws">
      <productId>827635</productId>
    </getProductDetails>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

基本上我要向Web服务发送2个参数，作为回报，我希望有两个其他参数。

Basically I've to send 2 parameters to the web service and in return I expect two other parameters.

我想有些罐子可以完成大部分工作，但我没有找到任何在线工作。
有人可以解释一下基础吗？

I guess there are some jars that can do most of the job, but I didn't find any online. Can someone please explain me the basis?

推荐答案

SOAP请求是一个XML文件，由您发送到服务器的参数组成。

A SOAP request is an XML file consisting of the parameters you are sending to the server.

SOAP响应同样是一个XML文件，但现在包含了服务想要提供的所有内容。

The SOAP response is equally an XML file, but now with everything the service wants to give you.

基本上WSDL是一个XML文件这解释了这两个XML的结构。

Basically the WSDL is a XML file that explains the structure of those two XML.

要用Java实现简单的SOAP客户端，可以使用SAAJ框架（它随JSE 1.6及更高版本一起提供）：

To implement simple SOAP clients in Java, you can use the SAAJ framework (it is shipped with JSE 1.6 and above):

SOAP with Attachments API for Java（SAAJ）主要是用于直接处理任何Web Service API中幕后发生的SOAP请求/响应消息。它允许开发人员直接发送和接收soap消息，而不是使用JAX-WS。

SOAP with Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) is mainly used for dealing directly with SOAP Request/Response messages which happens behind the scenes in any Web Service API. It allows the developers to directly send and receive soap messages instead of using JAX-WS.

请参阅下面的一个工作示例（运行它！ ）使用SAAJ进行SOAP Web服务调用。它称为此网络服务。

See below a working example (run it!) of a SOAP web service call using SAAJ. It calls this web service.

import javax.xml.soap.*;

public class SOAPClientSAAJ {

    // SAAJ - SOAP Client Testing
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        /*
            The example below requests from the Web Service at:
             http://www.webservicex.net/uszip.asmx?op=GetInfoByCity


            To call other WS, change the parameters below, which are:
             - the SOAP Endpoint URL (that is, where the service is responding from)
             - the SOAP Action

            Also change the contents of the method createSoapEnvelope() in this class. It constructs
             the inner part of the SOAP envelope that is actually sent.
         */
        String soapEndpointUrl = "http://www.webservicex.net/uszip.asmx";
        String soapAction = "http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetInfoByCity";

        callSoapWebService(soapEndpointUrl, soapAction);
    }

    private static void createSoapEnvelope(SOAPMessage soapMessage) throws SOAPException {
        SOAPPart soapPart = soapMessage.getSOAPPart();

        String myNamespace = "myNamespace";
        String myNamespaceURI = "http://www.webserviceX.NET";

        // SOAP Envelope
        SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapPart.getEnvelope();
        envelope.addNamespaceDeclaration(myNamespace, myNamespaceURI);

            /*
            Constructed SOAP Request Message:
            <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:myNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET">
                <SOAP-ENV:Header/>
                <SOAP-ENV:Body>
                    <myNamespace:GetInfoByCity>
                        <myNamespace:USCity>New York</myNamespace:USCity>
                    </myNamespace:GetInfoByCity>
                </SOAP-ENV:Body>
            </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
            */

        // SOAP Body
        SOAPBody soapBody = envelope.getBody();
        SOAPElement soapBodyElem = soapBody.addChildElement("GetInfoByCity", myNamespace);
        SOAPElement soapBodyElem1 = soapBodyElem.addChildElement("USCity", myNamespace);
        soapBodyElem1.addTextNode("New York");
    }

    private static void callSoapWebService(String soapEndpointUrl, String soapAction) {
        try {
            // Create SOAP Connection
            SOAPConnectionFactory soapConnectionFactory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
            SOAPConnection soapConnection = soapConnectionFactory.createConnection();

            // Send SOAP Message to SOAP Server
            SOAPMessage soapResponse = soapConnection.call(createSOAPRequest(soapAction), soapEndpointUrl);

            // Print the SOAP Response
            System.out.println("Response SOAP Message:");
            soapResponse.writeTo(System.out);
            System.out.println();

            soapConnection.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("\nError occurred while sending SOAP Request to Server!\nMake sure you have the correct endpoint URL and SOAPAction!\n");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static SOAPMessage createSOAPRequest(String soapAction) throws Exception {
        MessageFactory messageFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
        SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageFactory.createMessage();

        createSoapEnvelope(soapMessage);

        MimeHeaders headers = soapMessage.getMimeHeaders();
        headers.addHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);

        soapMessage.saveChanges();

        /* Print the request message, just for debugging purposes */
        System.out.println("Request SOAP Message:");
        soapMessage.writeTo(System.out);
        System.out.println("\n");

        return soapMessage;
    }

}

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