在进入Mockito框架的详细信息之前,让我们看一下应用程序的运行情况.在这个例子中,我们已经创建了一个模拟股票服务以获得一些股票的虚拟价格,并且单元测试了一个名为Portfolio的java类.
下面将在步骤中讨论该过程 - 分步方式.
第1步和第2步;创建一个JAVA类来表示股票
文件:Stock.java
public class Stock { private String stockId; private String name; private int quantity; public Stock(String stockId, String name, int quantity){ this.stockId = stockId; this.name = name; this.quantity = quantity; } public String getStockId() { return stockId; } public void setStockId(String stockId) { this.stockId = stockId; } public int getQuantity() { return quantity; } public String getTicker() { return name; } }
第2步去;创建一个接口StockService以获取股票的价格
文件:StockService.java
public interface StockService { public double getPrice(Stock stock); }
第3步和第3步;创建一个类组合来表示任何客户的投资组合
文件:Portfolio.java
import java.util.List; public class Portfolio { private StockService stockService; private List<Stock> stocks; public StockService getStockService() { return stockService; } public void setStockService(StockService stockService) { this.stockService = stockService; } public List<Stock> getStocks() { return stocks; } public void setStocks(List<Stock> stocks) { this.stocks = stocks; } public double getMarketValue(){ double marketValue = 0.0; for(Stock stock:stocks){ marketValue += stockService.getPrice(stock) * stock.getQuantity(); } return marketValue; } }
第4步去;测试投资组合类
让我们测试一下投资组合类,在其中注入一个模拟的股票服务.模拟将由Mockito创建.
文件:PortfolioTester.java
package com.it1352.mock; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import static org.mockito.Mockito.*; public class PortfolioTester { Portfolio portfolio; StockService stockService; public static void main(String[] args){ PortfolioTester tester = new PortfolioTester(); tester.setUp(); System.out.println(tester.testMarketValue()?"pass":"fail"); } public void setUp(){ //Create a portfolio object which is to be tested portfolio = new Portfolio(); //Create the mock object of stock service stockService = mock(StockService.class); //set the stockService to the portfolio portfolio.setStockService(stockService); } public boolean testMarketValue(){ //Creates a list of stocks to be added to the portfolio List<Stock> stocks = new ArrayList<Stock>(); Stock googleStock = new Stock("1","Google", 10); Stock microsoftStock = new Stock("2","Microsoft",100); stocks.add(googleStock); stocks.add(microsoftStock); //add stocks to the portfolio portfolio.setStocks(stocks); //mock the behavior of stock service to return the value of various stocks when(stockService.getPrice(googleStock)).thenReturn(50.00); when(stockService.getPrice(microsoftStock)).thenReturn(1000.00); double marketValue = portfolio.getMarketValue(); return marketValue == 100500.0; } }
第5步去;验证结果
使用 javac 编译器编译类如下 :
C:\ Mockito_WORKSPACE> javac Stock.java StockService.java Portfolio.java PortfolioTester.java
现在运行PortfolioTester查看结果 :
C:\ Mockito_WORKSPACE> java PortfolioTester
验证输出
pass