JavaFX正确缩放 [英] JavaFX correct scaling

问题描述

我想在滚动事件中缩放窗格中的所有节点。

I want to scale all nodes in a Pane on a scroll event.

到目前为止我尝试过：

1. 当我做scaleX或scaleY时，窗格边框
   分别缩放（在设置窗格样式时看到 -fx-border-color：black ; ）。因此，如果我不是来自边框
   的窗格，并非每个事件都会启动，所以我需要它。

1. When I do scaleX or scaleY, border of pane scales respectively (seen when set Pane style -fx-border-color: black;). So not every event would start if I'm not from the borders of pane, so I need it all.

下一步我试图扩展每个节点，结果非常糟糕，
就像这样 - （行通过点延伸）。或者，如果
在另一侧滚动，则会更少

Next step I tried to scale each node and it turned out really bad, something like this - (lines stretched through the points). Or if scrolling in other side, it would be less

我尝试的另一种方法是缩放Node的点。它更好，但
我不喜欢它。它看起来像
point.setScaleX（point.getScaleX（）+ scaleX）以及适当的y和其他节点
。

Another method I tried was to scale points of Node. It's better, but I don't like it. It looks like point.setScaleX(point.getScaleX()+scaleX) and for y and other nodes appropriately.

推荐答案

我创建了一个示例应用程序来演示一种在视口中执行节点缩放的方法滚动事件（例如通过滚动鼠标滚轮滚动进出）。

I created a sample app to demonstrate one approach to performing scaling of a node in a viewport on a scroll event (e.g. scroll in and out by rolling the mouse wheel).

用于缩放放置在StackPane中的组的示例的关键逻辑：

The key logic to the sample for scaling a group placed within a StackPane:

final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);
zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
  @Override public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
    event.consume();

    if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
      return;
    }

    double scaleFactor =
      (event.getDeltaY() > 0)
        ? SCALE_DELTA
        : 1/SCALE_DELTA;

    group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
    group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);
  }
});

滚动事件处理程序在封闭的StackPane上设置，StackPane是一个可调整大小的窗格，因此它会扩展以填充任何空白区域，将缩放的内容保持在窗格中心。如果您将鼠标滚轮移动到StackPane内的任何位置，它将放大或缩小所包含的节点组。

The scroll event handler is set on the enclosing StackPane which is a resizable pane so it expands to fill any empty space, keeping the zoomed content centered in the pane. If you move the mouse wheel anywhere inside the StackPane it will zoom in or out the enclosed group of nodes.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.value.*;
import javafx.event.*;
import javafx.geometry.Bounds;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.image.*;
import javafx.scene.input.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class GraphicsScalingApp extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }

  @Override public void start(final Stage stage) {
    final Group group = new Group(
        createStar(),
        createCurve()
    );

    Parent zoomPane = createZoomPane(group);

    VBox layout = new VBox();
    layout.getChildren().setAll(
        createMenuBar(stage, group),
        zoomPane
    );

    VBox.setVgrow(zoomPane, Priority.ALWAYS);
    Scene scene = new Scene(
        layout
    );

    stage.setTitle("Zoomy");
    stage.getIcons().setAll(new Image(APP_ICON));
    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
  }

  private Parent createZoomPane(final Group group) {
    final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
    final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

    zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);
    zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
        event.consume();

        if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
          return;
        }

        double scaleFactor =
          (event.getDeltaY() > 0)
            ? SCALE_DELTA
            : 1/SCALE_DELTA;

        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);
      }
    });

    zoomPane.layoutBoundsProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Bounds>() {
      @Override public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Bounds> observable, Bounds oldBounds, Bounds bounds) {
      zoomPane.setClip(new Rectangle(bounds.getMinX(), bounds.getMinY(), bounds.getWidth(), bounds.getHeight()));
      }
    });

    return zoomPane;
  }

  private SVGPath createCurve() {
    SVGPath ellipticalArc = new SVGPath();
    ellipticalArc.setContent(
        "M10,150 A15 15 180 0 1 70 140 A15 25 180 0 0 130 130 A15 55 180 0 1 190 120"
    );
    ellipticalArc.setStroke(Color.LIGHTGREEN);
    ellipticalArc.setStrokeWidth(4);
    ellipticalArc.setFill(null);
    return ellipticalArc;
  }

  private SVGPath createStar() {
    SVGPath star = new SVGPath();
    star.setContent(
        "M100,10 L100,10 40,180 190,60 10,60 160,180 z"
    );
    star.setStrokeLineJoin(StrokeLineJoin.ROUND);
    star.setStroke(Color.BLUE);
    star.setFill(Color.DARKBLUE);
    star.setStrokeWidth(4);
    return star;
  }

  private MenuBar createMenuBar(final Stage stage, final Group group) {
    Menu fileMenu = new Menu("_File");
    MenuItem exitMenuItem = new MenuItem("E_xit");
    exitMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(CLOSE_ICON)));
    exitMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        stage.close();
      }
    });
    fileMenu.getItems().setAll(
        exitMenuItem
    );
    Menu zoomMenu = new Menu("_Zoom");
    MenuItem zoomResetMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Reset");
    zoomResetMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.ESCAPE));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_RESET_ICON)));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(1);
        group.setScaleY(1);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomInMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _In");
    zoomInMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.I));
    zoomInMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_IN_ICON)));
    zoomInMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1.5);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomOutMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Out");
    zoomOutMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.O));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_OUT_ICON)));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1/1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1/1.5);
      }
    });
    zoomMenu.getItems().setAll(
        zoomResetMenuItem,
        zoomInMenuItem,
        zoomOutMenuItem
    );
    MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
    menuBar.getMenus().setAll(
        fileMenu,
        zoomMenu
    );
    return menuBar;
  }

  // icons source from: http://www.iconarchive.com/show/soft-scraps-icons-by-deleket.html
  // icon license: CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivate 3.0 =? http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  // icon Commercial usage: Allowed (Author Approval required -> Visit artist website for details).

  public static final String APP_ICON        = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/128/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_RESET_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_OUT_ICON   = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-Out-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_IN_ICON    = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-In-icon.png";
  public static final String CLOSE_ICON      = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Button-Close-icon.png";
}

更新ScrollPane中的缩放节点

上面的实现很有效，但是能够将缩放的节点放在滚动窗格中是有用的，这样当你放大制作时缩放节点大于可用视口，您仍然可以在滚动窗格中的缩放节点周围平移以查看节点的各个部分。

The above implementation works well as far as it goes, but it is useful to be able to place the zoomed node inside a scroll pane, so that when you zoom in making the zoomed node larger than your available viewport, you can still pan around the zoomed node within the scroll pane to view parts of the node.

我发现实现放大的行为滚动窗格很难，所以我在 Oracle JavaFX论坛主题上寻求帮助。

I found achieving the behavior of zooming in a scroll pane difficult, so I asked for help on an Oracle JavaFX Forum thread.

Oracle JavaFX论坛用户James_D提出了以下解决方案，该解决方案很好地解决了ScrollPane问题中的缩放问题。

Oracle JavaFX forum user James_D came up with the following solution which solves the zooming within a ScrollPane problem quite well.

他的评论代码如下：

首先进行一些小改动：我将StackPane包装在一个Group中，以便ScrollPane知道陈根据ScrollPane Javadocs，变换的ges。然后我将StackPane的最小大小限制为视口大小（当小于视口时保持内容居中）。

A couple of minor changes first: I wrapped the StackPane in a Group so that the ScrollPane would be aware of the changes to the transforms, as per the ScrollPane Javadocs. And then I bound the minimum size of the StackPane to the viewport size (keeping the content centered when smaller than the viewport).

最初我认为我应该使用Scale转换缩放显示的中心（即内容中位于视口中心的点）。但是我发现之后仍然需要修复滚动位置以保持相同的显示中心，所以我放弃了它并恢复使用setScaleX（）和setScaleY（）。

Initially I thought I should use a Scale transform to zoom around the displayed center (i.e. the point on the content that is at the center of the viewport). But I found I still needed to fix the scroll position afterwards to keep the same displayed center, so I abandoned that and reverted to using setScaleX() and setScaleY().

诀窍是在缩放后修复滚动位置。我计算了滚动内容的局部坐标中的滚动偏移量，然后计算了比例后所需的新滚动值。这有点棘手。基本观察是
（hValue-hMin）/（hMax-hMin）= x /（contentWidth - viewportWidth），其中x是视口左边缘与内容左边缘的水平偏移。
然后你有centerX = x + viewportWidth / 2.

The trick is to fix the scroll position after scaling. I computed the scroll offset in local coordinates of the scroll content, and then computed the new scroll values needed after the scale. This was a little tricky. The basic observation is that (hValue-hMin)/(hMax-hMin) = x / (contentWidth - viewportWidth), where x is the horizontal offset of the left edge of the viewport from the left edge of the content. Then you have centerX = x + viewportWidth/2.

缩放后，旧centerX的x坐标现在是centerX * scaleFactor。所以我们只需设置新的hValue就可以成为新的中心。有一些代数可以解决这个问题。

After scaling, the x coordinate of the old centerX is now centerX*scaleFactor. So we just have to set the new hValue to make that the new center. There's a bit of algebra to figure that out.

之后，通过拖动进行平移非常简单：）。

After that, panning by dragging was pretty easy :).

添加高级API以支持ScrollPane中的缩放和缩放功能的相应功能请求是向ScrollPane添加scaleContent功能。如果您希望看到它已实现，请投票或评论功能请求。

A corresponding feature request to add high level APIs to support zooming and scaling functionality in a ScrollPane is Add scaleContent functionality to ScrollPane. Vote for or comment on the feature request if you would like to see it implemented.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.value.*;
import javafx.event.*;
import javafx.geometry.Bounds;
import javafx.geometry.Point2D;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.image.*;
import javafx.scene.input.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class GraphicsScalingApp extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
  }

  @Override
  public void start(final Stage stage) {
    final Group group = new Group(createStar(), createCurve());

    Parent zoomPane = createZoomPane(group);

    VBox layout = new VBox();
    layout.getChildren().setAll(createMenuBar(stage, group), zoomPane);

    VBox.setVgrow(zoomPane, Priority.ALWAYS);

    Scene scene = new Scene(layout);

    stage.setTitle("Zoomy");
    stage.getIcons().setAll(new Image(APP_ICON));
    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
  }

  private Parent createZoomPane(final Group group) {
    final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
    final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

    zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);

    final ScrollPane scroller = new ScrollPane();
    final Group scrollContent = new Group(zoomPane);
    scroller.setContent(scrollContent);

    scroller.viewportBoundsProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Bounds>() {
      @Override
      public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Bounds> observable,
          Bounds oldValue, Bounds newValue) {
        zoomPane.setMinSize(newValue.getWidth(), newValue.getHeight());
      }
    });

    scroller.setPrefViewportWidth(256);
    scroller.setPrefViewportHeight(256);

    zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
        event.consume();

        if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
          return;
        }

        double scaleFactor = (event.getDeltaY() > 0) ? SCALE_DELTA
            : 1 / SCALE_DELTA;

        // amount of scrolling in each direction in scrollContent coordinate
        // units
        Point2D scrollOffset = figureScrollOffset(scrollContent, scroller);

        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);

        // move viewport so that old center remains in the center after the
        // scaling
        repositionScroller(scrollContent, scroller, scaleFactor, scrollOffset);

      }
    });

    // Panning via drag....
    final ObjectProperty<Point2D> lastMouseCoordinates = new SimpleObjectProperty<Point2D>();
    scrollContent.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
        lastMouseCoordinates.set(new Point2D(event.getX(), event.getY()));
      }
    });

    scrollContent.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
        double deltaX = event.getX() - lastMouseCoordinates.get().getX();
        double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
        double deltaH = deltaX * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraWidth;
        double desiredH = scroller.getHvalue() - deltaH;
        scroller.setHvalue(Math.max(0, Math.min(scroller.getHmax(), desiredH)));

        double deltaY = event.getY() - lastMouseCoordinates.get().getY();
        double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
        double deltaV = deltaY * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraHeight;
        double desiredV = scroller.getVvalue() - deltaV;
        scroller.setVvalue(Math.max(0, Math.min(scroller.getVmax(), desiredV)));
      }
    });

    return scroller;
  }

  private Point2D figureScrollOffset(Node scrollContent, ScrollPane scroller) {
    double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
    double hScrollProportion = (scroller.getHvalue() - scroller.getHmin()) / (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin());
    double scrollXOffset = hScrollProportion * Math.max(0, extraWidth);
    double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
    double vScrollProportion = (scroller.getVvalue() - scroller.getVmin()) / (scroller.getVmax() - scroller.getVmin());
    double scrollYOffset = vScrollProportion * Math.max(0, extraHeight);
    return new Point2D(scrollXOffset, scrollYOffset);
  }

  private void repositionScroller(Node scrollContent, ScrollPane scroller, double scaleFactor, Point2D scrollOffset) {
    double scrollXOffset = scrollOffset.getX();
    double scrollYOffset = scrollOffset.getY();
    double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
    if (extraWidth > 0) {
      double halfWidth = scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth() / 2 ;
      double newScrollXOffset = (scaleFactor - 1) *  halfWidth + scaleFactor * scrollXOffset;
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin() + newScrollXOffset * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraWidth);
    } else {
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin());
    }
    double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
    if (extraHeight > 0) {
      double halfHeight = scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight() / 2 ;
      double newScrollYOffset = (scaleFactor - 1) * halfHeight + scaleFactor * scrollYOffset;
      scroller.setVvalue(scroller.getVmin() + newScrollYOffset * (scroller.getVmax() - scroller.getVmin()) / extraHeight);
    } else {
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin());
    }
  }

  private SVGPath createCurve() {
    SVGPath ellipticalArc = new SVGPath();
    ellipticalArc.setContent("M10,150 A15 15 180 0 1 70 140 A15 25 180 0 0 130 130 A15 55 180 0 1 190 120");
    ellipticalArc.setStroke(Color.LIGHTGREEN);
    ellipticalArc.setStrokeWidth(4);
    ellipticalArc.setFill(null);
    return ellipticalArc;
  }

  private SVGPath createStar() {
    SVGPath star = new SVGPath();
    star.setContent("M100,10 L100,10 40,180 190,60 10,60 160,180 z");
    star.setStrokeLineJoin(StrokeLineJoin.ROUND);
    star.setStroke(Color.BLUE);
    star.setFill(Color.DARKBLUE);
    star.setStrokeWidth(4);
    return star;
  }

  private MenuBar createMenuBar(final Stage stage, final Group group) {
    Menu fileMenu = new Menu("_File");
    MenuItem exitMenuItem = new MenuItem("E_xit");
    exitMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(CLOSE_ICON)));
    exitMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        stage.close();
      }
    });
    fileMenu.getItems().setAll(exitMenuItem);
    Menu zoomMenu = new Menu("_Zoom");
    MenuItem zoomResetMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Reset");
    zoomResetMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.ESCAPE));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_RESET_ICON)));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(1);
        group.setScaleY(1);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomInMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _In");
    zoomInMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.I));
    zoomInMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_IN_ICON)));
    zoomInMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1.5);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomOutMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Out");
    zoomOutMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.O));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_OUT_ICON)));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1 / 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1 / 1.5);
      }
    });
    zoomMenu.getItems().setAll(zoomResetMenuItem, zoomInMenuItem,
        zoomOutMenuItem);
    MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
    menuBar.getMenus().setAll(fileMenu, zoomMenu);
    return menuBar;
  }

  // icons source from:
  // http://www.iconarchive.com/show/soft-scraps-icons-by-deleket.html
  // icon license: CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivate 3.0 =?
  // http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  // icon Commercial usage: Allowed (Author Approval required -> Visit artist
  // website for details).

  public static final String APP_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/128/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_RESET_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_OUT_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-Out-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_IN_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-In-icon.png";
  public static final String CLOSE_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Button-Close-icon.png";
}

这篇关于JavaFX正确缩放的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！