JavaFX 正确缩放 [英] JavaFX correct scaling

问题描述

我想在滚动事件上缩放窗格中的所有节点.

I want to scale all nodes in a Pane on a scroll event.

到目前为止我尝试过的:

What I have tried so far:

1. 当我做 scaleX 或 scaleY 时，窗格的边框分别缩放(设置窗格样式 -fx-border-color: black; 时可见).所以如果我不是来自边境，不是每个事件都会开始窗格，所以我需要它.

1. When I do scaleX or scaleY, border of pane scales respectively (seen when set Pane style -fx-border-color: black;). So not every event would start if I'm not from the borders of pane, so I need it all.

下一步我尝试缩放每个节点，结果非常糟糕，像这样的 - (线穿过点).或者如果在另一边滚动，它会更少

Next step I tried to scale each node and it turned out really bad, something like this - (lines stretched through the points). Or if scrolling in other side, it would be less

我尝试的另一种方法是缩放 Node.js 的点.更好，但是我不喜欢.看起来像point.setScaleX(point.getScaleX()+scaleX) 以及 y 和其他节点

Another method I tried was to scale points of Node. It's better, but I don't like it. It looks like point.setScaleX(point.getScaleX()+scaleX) and for y and other nodes appropriately.

推荐答案

我创建了一个示例应用程序来演示一种在滚动事件(例如通过滚动鼠标滚轮滚动进出滚动条)的视口中执行节点缩放的方法).

I created a sample app to demonstrate one approach to performing scaling of a node in a viewport on a scroll event (e.g. scroll in and out by rolling the mouse wheel).

缩放放置在 StackPane 中的组的示例的关键逻辑:

The key logic to the sample for scaling a group placed within a StackPane:

final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);
zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
  @Override public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
    event.consume();

    if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
      return;
    }

    double scaleFactor =
      (event.getDeltaY() > 0)
        ? SCALE_DELTA
        : 1/SCALE_DELTA;

    group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
    group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);
  }
});

滚动事件处理程序设置在封闭的 StackPane 上，它是一个可调整大小的窗格，因此它可以扩展以填充任何空白空间，使缩放的内容保持在窗格的中心.如果您将鼠标滚轮移动到 StackPane 内的任意位置，它将放大或缩小封闭的节点组.

The scroll event handler is set on the enclosing StackPane which is a resizable pane so it expands to fill any empty space, keeping the zoomed content centered in the pane. If you move the mouse wheel anywhere inside the StackPane it will zoom in or out the enclosed group of nodes.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.value.*;
import javafx.event.*;
import javafx.geometry.Bounds;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.image.*;
import javafx.scene.input.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class GraphicsScalingApp extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }

  @Override public void start(final Stage stage) {
    final Group group = new Group(
        createStar(),
        createCurve()
    );

    Parent zoomPane = createZoomPane(group);

    VBox layout = new VBox();
    layout.getChildren().setAll(
        createMenuBar(stage, group),
        zoomPane
    );

    VBox.setVgrow(zoomPane, Priority.ALWAYS);
    Scene scene = new Scene(
        layout
    );

    stage.setTitle("Zoomy");
    stage.getIcons().setAll(new Image(APP_ICON));
    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
  }

  private Parent createZoomPane(final Group group) {
    final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
    final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

    zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);
    zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
        event.consume();

        if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
          return;
        }

        double scaleFactor =
          (event.getDeltaY() > 0)
            ? SCALE_DELTA
            : 1/SCALE_DELTA;

        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);
      }
    });

    zoomPane.layoutBoundsProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Bounds>() {
      @Override public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Bounds> observable, Bounds oldBounds, Bounds bounds) {
      zoomPane.setClip(new Rectangle(bounds.getMinX(), bounds.getMinY(), bounds.getWidth(), bounds.getHeight()));
      }
    });

    return zoomPane;
  }

  private SVGPath createCurve() {
    SVGPath ellipticalArc = new SVGPath();
    ellipticalArc.setContent(
        "M10,150 A15 15 180 0 1 70 140 A15 25 180 0 0 130 130 A15 55 180 0 1 190 120"
    );
    ellipticalArc.setStroke(Color.LIGHTGREEN);
    ellipticalArc.setStrokeWidth(4);
    ellipticalArc.setFill(null);
    return ellipticalArc;
  }

  private SVGPath createStar() {
    SVGPath star = new SVGPath();
    star.setContent(
        "M100,10 L100,10 40,180 190,60 10,60 160,180 z"
    );
    star.setStrokeLineJoin(StrokeLineJoin.ROUND);
    star.setStroke(Color.BLUE);
    star.setFill(Color.DARKBLUE);
    star.setStrokeWidth(4);
    return star;
  }

  private MenuBar createMenuBar(final Stage stage, final Group group) {
    Menu fileMenu = new Menu("_File");
    MenuItem exitMenuItem = new MenuItem("E_xit");
    exitMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(CLOSE_ICON)));
    exitMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        stage.close();
      }
    });
    fileMenu.getItems().setAll(
        exitMenuItem
    );
    Menu zoomMenu = new Menu("_Zoom");
    MenuItem zoomResetMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Reset");
    zoomResetMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.ESCAPE));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_RESET_ICON)));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(1);
        group.setScaleY(1);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomInMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _In");
    zoomInMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.I));
    zoomInMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_IN_ICON)));
    zoomInMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1.5);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomOutMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Out");
    zoomOutMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.O));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_OUT_ICON)));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1/1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1/1.5);
      }
    });
    zoomMenu.getItems().setAll(
        zoomResetMenuItem,
        zoomInMenuItem,
        zoomOutMenuItem
    );
    MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
    menuBar.getMenus().setAll(
        fileMenu,
        zoomMenu
    );
    return menuBar;
  }

  // icons source from: http://www.iconarchive.com/show/soft-scraps-icons-by-deleket.html
  // icon license: CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivate 3.0 =? http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  // icon Commercial usage: Allowed (Author Approval required -> Visit artist website for details).

  public static final String APP_ICON        = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/128/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_RESET_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_OUT_ICON   = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-Out-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_IN_ICON    = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-In-icon.png";
  public static final String CLOSE_ICON      = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Button-Close-icon.png";
}

更新滚动窗格中的缩放节点

就目前而言，上述实现效果很好，但是能够将缩放节点放置在滚动窗格中很有用，这样当您放大使缩放节点大于可用视口时，您仍然可以在滚动窗格中围绕缩放节点平移以查看节点的各个部分.

The above implementation works well as far as it goes, but it is useful to be able to place the zoomed node inside a scroll pane, so that when you zoom in making the zoomed node larger than your available viewport, you can still pan around the zoomed node within the scroll pane to view parts of the node.

我发现在滚动窗格中实现缩放行为很困难，因此我在 Oracle JavaFX 上寻求帮助论坛主题.

I found achieving the behavior of zooming in a scroll pane difficult, so I asked for help on an Oracle JavaFX Forum thread.

Oracle JavaFX 论坛用户 James_D 提出了以下解决方案，它很好地解决了 ScrollPane 中的缩放问题.

Oracle JavaFX forum user James_D came up with the following solution which solves the zooming within a ScrollPane problem quite well.

他的评论和代码如下:

首先进行一些小改动:我将 StackPane 包装在一个组中，以便 ScrollPane 能够知道对转换所做的更改，根据 ScrollPane Javadocs.然后我将 StackPane 的最小尺寸绑定到视口尺寸(当小于视口时保持内容居中).

A couple of minor changes first: I wrapped the StackPane in a Group so that the ScrollPane would be aware of the changes to the transforms, as per the ScrollPane Javadocs. And then I bound the minimum size of the StackPane to the viewport size (keeping the content centered when smaller than the viewport).

最初我认为我应该使用缩放变换来围绕显示的中心(即位于视口中心的内容上的点)进行缩放.但是我发现我之后仍然需要修复滚动位置以保持相同的显示中心，所以我放弃了它并恢复使用 setScaleX() 和 setScaleY().

Initially I thought I should use a Scale transform to zoom around the displayed center (i.e. the point on the content that is at the center of the viewport). But I found I still needed to fix the scroll position afterwards to keep the same displayed center, so I abandoned that and reverted to using setScaleX() and setScaleY().

诀窍是在缩放后固定滚动位置.我计算了滚动内容的本地坐标中的滚动偏移量，然后计算了缩放后所需的新滚动值.这有点棘手.基本的观察是(hValue-hMin)/(hMax-hMin) = x/(contentWidth - viewportWidth)，其中 x 是视口左边缘距内容左边缘的水平偏移量.然后你有 centerX = x + viewportWidth/2.

The trick is to fix the scroll position after scaling. I computed the scroll offset in local coordinates of the scroll content, and then computed the new scroll values needed after the scale. This was a little tricky. The basic observation is that (hValue-hMin)/(hMax-hMin) = x / (contentWidth - viewportWidth), where x is the horizontal offset of the left edge of the viewport from the left edge of the content. Then you have centerX = x + viewportWidth/2.

缩放后，旧的 centerX 的 x 坐标现在是 centerX*scaleFactor.所以我们只需要设置新的 hValue 以使其成为新的中心.需要一些代数来解决这个问题.

After scaling, the x coordinate of the old centerX is now centerX*scaleFactor. So we just have to set the new hValue to make that the new center. There's a bit of algebra to figure that out.

之后，通过拖动进行平移非常简单:)

After that, panning by dragging was pretty easy :).

添加高级 API 以支持 ScrollPane 中的缩放和缩放功能的相应功能请求是 向 ScrollPane 添加 scaleContent 功能.如果您希望实现该功能请求，请对该功能请求进行投票或评论.

A corresponding feature request to add high level APIs to support zooming and scaling functionality in a ScrollPane is Add scaleContent functionality to ScrollPane. Vote for or comment on the feature request if you would like to see it implemented.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.value.*;
import javafx.event.*;
import javafx.geometry.Bounds;
import javafx.geometry.Point2D;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.image.*;
import javafx.scene.input.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class GraphicsScalingApp extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
  }

  @Override
  public void start(final Stage stage) {
    final Group group = new Group(createStar(), createCurve());

    Parent zoomPane = createZoomPane(group);

    VBox layout = new VBox();
    layout.getChildren().setAll(createMenuBar(stage, group), zoomPane);

    VBox.setVgrow(zoomPane, Priority.ALWAYS);

    Scene scene = new Scene(layout);

    stage.setTitle("Zoomy");
    stage.getIcons().setAll(new Image(APP_ICON));
    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
  }

  private Parent createZoomPane(final Group group) {
    final double SCALE_DELTA = 1.1;
    final StackPane zoomPane = new StackPane();

    zoomPane.getChildren().add(group);

    final ScrollPane scroller = new ScrollPane();
    final Group scrollContent = new Group(zoomPane);
    scroller.setContent(scrollContent);

    scroller.viewportBoundsProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Bounds>() {
      @Override
      public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Bounds> observable,
          Bounds oldValue, Bounds newValue) {
        zoomPane.setMinSize(newValue.getWidth(), newValue.getHeight());
      }
    });

    scroller.setPrefViewportWidth(256);
    scroller.setPrefViewportHeight(256);

    zoomPane.setOnScroll(new EventHandler<ScrollEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ScrollEvent event) {
        event.consume();

        if (event.getDeltaY() == 0) {
          return;
        }

        double scaleFactor = (event.getDeltaY() > 0) ? SCALE_DELTA
            : 1 / SCALE_DELTA;

        // amount of scrolling in each direction in scrollContent coordinate
        // units
        Point2D scrollOffset = figureScrollOffset(scrollContent, scroller);

        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * scaleFactor);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * scaleFactor);

        // move viewport so that old center remains in the center after the
        // scaling
        repositionScroller(scrollContent, scroller, scaleFactor, scrollOffset);

      }
    });

    // Panning via drag....
    final ObjectProperty<Point2D> lastMouseCoordinates = new SimpleObjectProperty<Point2D>();
    scrollContent.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
        lastMouseCoordinates.set(new Point2D(event.getX(), event.getY()));
      }
    });

    scrollContent.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
        double deltaX = event.getX() - lastMouseCoordinates.get().getX();
        double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
        double deltaH = deltaX * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraWidth;
        double desiredH = scroller.getHvalue() - deltaH;
        scroller.setHvalue(Math.max(0, Math.min(scroller.getHmax(), desiredH)));

        double deltaY = event.getY() - lastMouseCoordinates.get().getY();
        double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
        double deltaV = deltaY * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraHeight;
        double desiredV = scroller.getVvalue() - deltaV;
        scroller.setVvalue(Math.max(0, Math.min(scroller.getVmax(), desiredV)));
      }
    });

    return scroller;
  }

  private Point2D figureScrollOffset(Node scrollContent, ScrollPane scroller) {
    double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
    double hScrollProportion = (scroller.getHvalue() - scroller.getHmin()) / (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin());
    double scrollXOffset = hScrollProportion * Math.max(0, extraWidth);
    double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
    double vScrollProportion = (scroller.getVvalue() - scroller.getVmin()) / (scroller.getVmax() - scroller.getVmin());
    double scrollYOffset = vScrollProportion * Math.max(0, extraHeight);
    return new Point2D(scrollXOffset, scrollYOffset);
  }

  private void repositionScroller(Node scrollContent, ScrollPane scroller, double scaleFactor, Point2D scrollOffset) {
    double scrollXOffset = scrollOffset.getX();
    double scrollYOffset = scrollOffset.getY();
    double extraWidth = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getWidth() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth();
    if (extraWidth > 0) {
      double halfWidth = scroller.getViewportBounds().getWidth() / 2 ;
      double newScrollXOffset = (scaleFactor - 1) *  halfWidth + scaleFactor * scrollXOffset;
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin() + newScrollXOffset * (scroller.getHmax() - scroller.getHmin()) / extraWidth);
    } else {
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin());
    }
    double extraHeight = scrollContent.getLayoutBounds().getHeight() - scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight();
    if (extraHeight > 0) {
      double halfHeight = scroller.getViewportBounds().getHeight() / 2 ;
      double newScrollYOffset = (scaleFactor - 1) * halfHeight + scaleFactor * scrollYOffset;
      scroller.setVvalue(scroller.getVmin() + newScrollYOffset * (scroller.getVmax() - scroller.getVmin()) / extraHeight);
    } else {
      scroller.setHvalue(scroller.getHmin());
    }
  }

  private SVGPath createCurve() {
    SVGPath ellipticalArc = new SVGPath();
    ellipticalArc.setContent("M10,150 A15 15 180 0 1 70 140 A15 25 180 0 0 130 130 A15 55 180 0 1 190 120");
    ellipticalArc.setStroke(Color.LIGHTGREEN);
    ellipticalArc.setStrokeWidth(4);
    ellipticalArc.setFill(null);
    return ellipticalArc;
  }

  private SVGPath createStar() {
    SVGPath star = new SVGPath();
    star.setContent("M100,10 L100,10 40,180 190,60 10,60 160,180 z");
    star.setStrokeLineJoin(StrokeLineJoin.ROUND);
    star.setStroke(Color.BLUE);
    star.setFill(Color.DARKBLUE);
    star.setStrokeWidth(4);
    return star;
  }

  private MenuBar createMenuBar(final Stage stage, final Group group) {
    Menu fileMenu = new Menu("_File");
    MenuItem exitMenuItem = new MenuItem("E_xit");
    exitMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(CLOSE_ICON)));
    exitMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        stage.close();
      }
    });
    fileMenu.getItems().setAll(exitMenuItem);
    Menu zoomMenu = new Menu("_Zoom");
    MenuItem zoomResetMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Reset");
    zoomResetMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.ESCAPE));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_RESET_ICON)));
    zoomResetMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(1);
        group.setScaleY(1);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomInMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _In");
    zoomInMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.I));
    zoomInMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_IN_ICON)));
    zoomInMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1.5);
      }
    });
    MenuItem zoomOutMenuItem = new MenuItem("Zoom _Out");
    zoomOutMenuItem.setAccelerator(new KeyCodeCombination(KeyCode.O));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setGraphic(new ImageView(new Image(ZOOM_OUT_ICON)));
    zoomOutMenuItem.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
        group.setScaleX(group.getScaleX() * 1 / 1.5);
        group.setScaleY(group.getScaleY() * 1 / 1.5);
      }
    });
    zoomMenu.getItems().setAll(zoomResetMenuItem, zoomInMenuItem,
        zoomOutMenuItem);
    MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
    menuBar.getMenus().setAll(fileMenu, zoomMenu);
    return menuBar;
  }

  // icons source from:
  // http://www.iconarchive.com/show/soft-scraps-icons-by-deleket.html
  // icon license: CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivate 3.0 =?
  // http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  // icon Commercial usage: Allowed (Author Approval required -> Visit artist
  // website for details).

  public static final String APP_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/128/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_RESET_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_OUT_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-Out-icon.png";
  public static final String ZOOM_IN_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Zoom-In-icon.png";
  public static final String CLOSE_ICON = "http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/deleket/soft-scraps/24/Button-Close-icon.png";
}

这篇关于JavaFX 正确缩放的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！