在Unix上按行/字段计数字符的出现次数 [英] Count occurrences of character per line/field on Unix

问题描述

给出一个包含这样数据的文件(即stores.dat文件)

Given a file with data like this (ie stores.dat file)

sid|storeNo|latitude|longitude
2tt|1|-28.0372000t0|153.42921670
9|2t|-33tt.85t09t0000|15t1.03274200

返回每行出现't'字符的次数的命令是什么?

What is the command that would return the number of occurrences of the 't' character per line?

例如会返回:

count   lineNum
   4       1
   3       2
   6       3

---

此外，要按字段的出现次数进行计数，返回以下结果的命令是什么?

---

Also, to do it by count of occurrences by field what is the command to return the following results?

例如输入第2列和字符"t"

eg. input of column 2 and character 't'

count   lineNum
   1       1
   0       2
   1       3

例如输入第3列和字符"t"

eg. input of column 3 and character 't'

count   lineNum
   2       1
   1       2
   4       3

推荐答案

要计算每行字符的出现，您可以执行以下操作:

To count occurrence of a character per line you can do:

awk -F'|' 'BEGIN{print "count", "lineNum"}{print gsub(/t/,"") "\t" NR}' file
count lineNum
4       1
3       2
6       3

要计算每个字段/列中某个字符的出现次数，您可以执行以下操作:

To count occurrence of a character per field/column you can do:

第2列:

awk -F'|' -v fld=2 'BEGIN{print "count", "lineNum"}{print gsub(/t/,"",$fld) "\t" NR}' file
count lineNum
1       1
0       2
1       3

第3列:

awk -F'|' -v fld=3 'BEGIN{print "count", "lineNum"}{print gsub(/t/,"",$fld) "\t" NR}' file
count lineNum
2       1
1       2
4       3

• gsub()函数的返回值是进行替换的次数.所以我们用它来打印数字.
• NR保存行号，因此我们使用它来打印行号.
• 对于特定字段的打印事件，我们创建一个变量fld并放入要从中提取计数的字段编号.
• gsub() function's return value is number of substitution made. So we use that to print the number.
• NR holds the line number so we use it to print the line number.
• For printing occurrences of particular field, we create a variable fld and put the field number we wish to extract counts from.

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