哪里将$ PATH变量断言放在zsh中? [英] Where to place $PATH variable assertions in zsh?
问题描述
我爱zsh，但是我不确定将$PATH和其他变量断言放在哪里?我发现它们分散在文件.zshrc .zprofile .bashrc .bash_profile之间，有时加倍.
I love zsh, but I am not sure where to place my $PATH and other variable assertions? I find that they are scattered between the files .zshrc .zprofile .bashrc .bash_profile, and sometimes doubled.
我意识到在使用zsh时在bash文件中包含任何内容并没有多大意义，但是我应该将rvm，python，node我的$PATH的其他内容?
I realize that having anything inside the bash files doesn't make much sense seeing as I'm using zsh, but where exactly should I be placing my rvm, python, node etc additions to my $PATH?
我是否应该使用一个特定的文件(即安装中当前不存在的.zshenv )，或者我正在使用的其中一个文件，或者甚至有关系吗? /p>
Is there a specific file I should be using (i.e. .zshenv which does not currently exist in my installation), one of the ones I am currently using, or does it even matter?
推荐答案
tl; dr版本:使用~/.zshrc
tl;dr version: use ~/.zshrc
和阅读手册页来了解以下内容之间的区别:
And read the man page to understand the differences between:
~/.zshrc，~/.zshenv和~/.zprofile.
关于我的评论
在回答 kev给的答案的评论中，我说:
Regarding my comment
In my comment attached to the answer kev gave, I said:
这似乎是不正确的-我可以找到的任何zsh文档中都未列出/etc/profile.
This seems to be incorrect - /etc/profile isn't listed in any zsh documentation I can find.
这在某种程度上是不正确的:/etc/profile 可能来自zsh. 但是，只有在zsh被作为sh或ksh调用"时，才会发生这种情况；在以下兼容模式下:
This turns out to be partially incorrect: /etc/profile may be sourced by zsh. However, this only occurs if zsh is "invoked as sh or ksh"; in these compatibility modes:
不执行通常的zsh启动/关闭脚本.登录shell源/etc/profile，后跟$ HOME/.profile.如果在调用时设置了ENV环境变量，则$ ENV将在配置文件脚本之后提供.在将ENV的值解释为路径名之前，先对其进行参数扩展，命令替换和算术扩展. [ man zshall，兼容性" ].
在登录时，Zsh以此顺序获取以下文件:
/etc/profile
登录后，此文件由所有与Bourne兼容的外壳程序提供
At login, Zsh sources the following files in this order:
/etc/profile
This file is sourced by all Bourne-compatible shells upon login
这意味着/etc/profile在登录时始终被zsh读取 -我对Arch Linux项目没有任何经验. Wiki对于该发行版可能是正确的，但通常不是是正确的.与zsh手册页相比，信息 不正确，并且似乎不适用于OS X上的zsh(在/etc/profile中设置的$PATH中的路径不会使其进入我的zsh会话) .
This implys that /etc/profile is always read by zsh at login - I haven't got any experience with the Arch Linux project; the wiki may be correct for that distribution, but it is not generally correct. The information is incorrect compared to the zsh manual pages, and doesn't seem to apply to zsh on OS X (paths in $PATH set in /etc/profile do not make it to my zsh sessions).
我应该在$ PATH中将rvm，python，node等添加的确切位置放在哪里?
where exactly should I be placing my rvm, python, node etc additions to my $PATH?
通常，我会从~/.zshrc导出我的$PATH，但是值得阅读~/.zshrc是为 interactive 外壳读取的，它可能适合也可能不适合您的需要-如果您想要$PATH对于您调用的每个zsh shell(interactive都不是，login都不是，等等)，那么~/.zshenv是更好的选择.
Generally, I would export my $PATH from ~/.zshrc, but it's worth having a read of the zshall man page, specifically the "STARTUP/SHUTDOWN FILES" section - ~/.zshrc is read for interactive shells, which may or may not suit your needs - if you want the $PATH for every zsh shell invoked by you (both interactive and not, both login and not, etc), then ~/.zshenv is a better option.
我是否应该使用一个特定的文件(即，我的安装中当前不存在的.zshenv)，我当前正在使用的文件之一，或者甚至有关系?
Is there a specific file I should be using (i.e. .zshenv which does not currently exist in my installation), one of the ones I am currently using, or does it even matter?
启动时读取了大量文件(请检查链接的man页面)，并且有一个原因-每个文件都有其特定的位置(每个用户的设置，特定于用户的设置，登录Shell的设置) ，每个shell的设置等).
不必担心~/.zshenv不存在-如果需要它，可以将其阅读.
There's a bunch of files read on startup (check the linked man pages), and there's a reason for that - each file has it's particular place (settings for every user, settings for user-specific, settings for login shells, settings for every shell, etc).
Don't worry about ~/.zshenv not existing - if you need it, make it, and it will be read.
.bashrc和.bash_profile不会被zsh读取，不会，除非您明确地从~/.zshrc或类似来源获得它们； bash和zsh之间的语法始终不兼容. .bashrc和.bash_profile都是针对bash设置而不是zsh设置而设计的.
.bashrc and .bash_profile are not read by zsh, unless you explicitly source them from ~/.zshrc or similar; the syntax between bash and zsh is not always compatible. Both .bashrc and .bash_profile are designed for bash settings, not zsh settings.
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