在matplotlib的子图中嵌入小图 [英] Embedding small plots inside subplots in matplotlib

问题描述

如果要在较大的图中插入一小块图，可以使用轴，例如此处.

If you want to insert a small plot inside a bigger one you can use Axes, like here.

问题是我不知道如何在子图中执行相同的操作.

The problem is that I don't know how to do the same inside a subplot.

我有几个子图，我想在每个子图中绘制一个小图. 示例代码将如下所示:

I have several subplots and I would like to plot a small plot inside each subplot. The example code would be something like this:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()

for i in range(4):
    ax = fig.add_subplot(2,2,i)
    ax.plot(np.arange(11),np.arange(11),'b')

    #b = ax.axes([0.7,0.7,0.2,0.2]) 
    #it gives an error, AxesSubplot is not callable

    #b = plt.axes([0.7,0.7,0.2,0.2])
    #plt.plot(np.arange(3),np.arange(3)+11,'g')
    #it plots the small plot in the selected position of the whole figure, not inside the subplot

有什么想法吗?

提前谢谢！

推荐答案

我写了一个非常类似于plt.axes的函数.您可以使用它来绘制子子图.有一个例子...

I wrote a function very similar to plt.axes. You could use it for plotting yours sub-subplots. There is an example...

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

def add_subplot_axes(ax,rect,axisbg='w'):
    fig = plt.gcf()
    box = ax.get_position()
    width = box.width
    height = box.height
    inax_position  = ax.transAxes.transform(rect[0:2])
    transFigure = fig.transFigure.inverted()
    infig_position = transFigure.transform(inax_position)    
    x = infig_position[0]
    y = infig_position[1]
    width *= rect[2]
    height *= rect[3]  # <= Typo was here
    subax = fig.add_axes([x,y,width,height],axisbg=axisbg)
    x_labelsize = subax.get_xticklabels()[0].get_size()
    y_labelsize = subax.get_yticklabels()[0].get_size()
    x_labelsize *= rect[2]**0.5
    y_labelsize *= rect[3]**0.5
    subax.xaxis.set_tick_params(labelsize=x_labelsize)
    subax.yaxis.set_tick_params(labelsize=y_labelsize)
    return subax

def example1():
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    rect = [0.2,0.2,0.7,0.7]
    ax1 = add_subplot_axes(ax,rect)
    ax2 = add_subplot_axes(ax1,rect)
    ax3 = add_subplot_axes(ax2,rect)
    plt.show()

def example2():
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
    axes = []
    subpos = [0.2,0.6,0.3,0.3]
    x = np.linspace(-np.pi,np.pi)
    for i in range(4):
        axes.append(fig.add_subplot(2,2,i))
    for axis in axes:
        axis.set_xlim(-np.pi,np.pi)
        axis.set_ylim(-1,3)
        axis.plot(x,np.sin(x))
        subax1 = add_subplot_axes(axis,subpos)
        subax2 = add_subplot_axes(subax1,subpos)
        subax1.plot(x,np.sin(x))
        subax2.plot(x,np.sin(x))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    example2()
    plt.show()

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