着色器无法编译 [英] Shader can't be compiled

问题描述

我正在关注《 OpenGL编程指南第8版》.我只想在Mac上运行本书中介绍的第一个程序.

I'm following book "OpenGL Programming Guide 8th Edition". I just want to run the first program introduced in the book on my Mac.

它是Mavericks + Xcode 4.6.1 + Intel HD graphics4000.所以问题是，无法编译着色器.

It's Mavericks + Xcode 4.6.1 + Intel HD graphics 4000. So the problem is, the shader can't be compiled.

着色器代码:

#version 410 core

layout(location = 0) in vec4 vPosition;

void
main()
{
    gl_Position = vPosition;
}

错误消息是:

Shader compilation failed: ERROR: 0:1: '' :  version '410' is not supported
ERROR: 0:1: '' : syntax error #version
ERROR: 0:3: 'layout' : syntax error syntax error

我尝试了420/400/330版，但没有一个起作用.

I tried version 420/400/330, none of them works.

顺便说一句，该程序使用最新的glew 1.10( http://glew.sourceforge.net )，并且我发现必须设置"glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;"在调用glewInit之前.否则，"glGenVertexArray"是NULL指针.所以我想知道也许不支持小牛吗?

By the way, the program uses latest glew 1.10(http://glew.sourceforge.net), and I found that I have to set "glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;" before calling glewInit. Otherwise "glGenVertexArray" is a NULL pointer. So I'm wondering maybe glew doesn't support Mavericks?

推荐答案

MacOS使用 旧版配置文件 作为所有创建的OpenGL上下文的默认设置.因此，默认情况下，仅支持OpenGL最高为2.1，GLSL最高为1.20.

MacOS uses Legacy Profile as default for all created OpenGL context. Therefor by default only OpenGL up to 2.1 and GLSL up to 1.20 is supported.

要使用OpenGL 3.2+，您需要切换到 核心配置文件 .命名有点混乱，因为它仅统计3.2Core配置文件，但实际上是3.2或更高版本(系统/驱动程序支持的向后兼容3.2的每个OpenGL配置文件)

To use OpenGL 3.2+ you need to switch to the Core Profile. The naming there is a little bit confusing because it stats only 3.2Core profile, but actually this 3.2 or later (every OpenGL profile that is supported by the system/driver that is backwards compatible to 3.2)

对于glut(取决于glut的版本，如果适用)，MacOS上的命令为:

For glut (depends on the version of glut if it works) the command on MacOS is:

glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_3_2_CORE_PROFILE | ...  )

| ...是要传递给glutInitDisplayMode的其他选项.

Where | ... would be the other options you want to pass to glutInitDisplayMode.

关于glew，由于在MacOS中实现OpenGL层的方式，通常在MacOS上不需要glew.您只能使用MacOS提供/公开的OpenGL功能.因此，这些功能是否可以通过MacOS的标头使用.标头将是#include <OpenGL/gl3.h>，其命名也令人误解，这不仅意味着OpenGL 3，而且与上下文相同.

About glew, normally you don't require glew on MacOS due the way how the OpenGL layer is implemented in MacOS. You are restricted to the OpenGL features MacOS provides/exposes. So either the features are available via the headers of MacOS or not. There header would be #include <OpenGL/gl3.h> where also the naming is missleading, it does not mean only OpenGL 3, it is the same like with the context.

我建议使用 GLFW ，它是一个很棒的跨平台库，类似于GLUT，但是我认为更好用. 在那里，您将像这样切换上下文:

I would recommend to use GLFW it is a great cross platform library similar to GLUT but as I think better to use. There you would switch the context like this:

 glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
 glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2);
 glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
 glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);

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