如何手动安装python库 [英] How to install a python library manually

问题描述

我为我的其中一个构建了quickfix引擎( http://www.quickfixengine.org/)任务，并内置了对它的python支持.

I built quickfix engine (http://www.quickfixengine.org/) for one of my tasks and also built in python support for it.

不幸的是，这是一个多用户环境，我无权访问python的安装路径.因此，make install命令尝试复制文件并失败.我设法注释掉了尝试执行此操作并完成安装的两行.由于无法将文件放在此处，我可以将创建的 .so 文件放在哪里?

Unfortunately this is a multi user env and I dont have access to the python installation path. Thus the make install command tries to copy over the files and fails. I managed to comment out the two lines where it tries to do that and the make install completed. Since I cannot put the files there, where can I put the .so file created?

我如何让python知道它在那里?我查看了python.org文档，但它仅描述了 setup.py 安装过程.

And how do I let python know that it is there? I looked at python.org documentation but it only describes the process for setup.py installations.

我也尝试将 .so 的路径放在sys.path中，这没有用.还有关于python包剖析的文档吗?谢谢.

Also I tried putting the path for the .so in sys.path, that didnt work. And is there any documents about the anatomy of a python package? Thanks.

推荐答案

我假设编译QuickFix软件包不会产生setup.py文件，而只会编译Python绑定并依赖make install来将它们放在适当的位置.

I'm going to assume compiling the QuickFix package does not produce a setup.py file, but rather only compiles the Python bindings and relies on make install to put them in the appropriate place.

在这种情况下，一个快速且肮脏的修复方法是编译QuickFix源，找到Python扩展模块(您在系统上以.so扩展名指示这些扩展模块)，然后将该目录添加到您的PYTHONPATH环境中变量，例如添加

In this case, a quick and dirty fix is to compile the QuickFix source, locate the Python extension modules (you indicated on your system these end with a .so extension), and add that directory to your PYTHONPATH environmental variable e.g., add

export PYTHONPATH=~/path/to/python/extensions:PYTHONPATH

或外壳程序配置文件中的类似行.

or similar line in your shell configuration file.

更强大的解决方案将包括确保使用./configure --prefix=$HOME/.local进行编译.假设QuickFix知道将Python文件放在适当的site-packages中，则在执行make install时，应将文件安装到~/.local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages，对于Python 2.6+，该文件应已作为每用户站点软件包目录.

A more robust solution would include making sure to compile with ./configure --prefix=$HOME/.local. Assuming QuickFix knows to put the Python files in the appropriate site-packages, when you do make install, it should install the files to ~/.local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages, which, for Python 2.6+, should already be on your Python path as the per-user site-packages directory.

另一方面，如果它确实提供了setup.py文件，则只需运行

If, on the other hand, it did provide a setup.py file, simply run

python setup.py install --user

适用于Python 2.6 +.

for Python 2.6+.

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