bash_aliases和awk的引号转义 [英] bash_aliases and awk escaping of quotes

问题描述

我正在尝试为命令创建别名以查看内存使用情况，

I'm trying to create an alias for a command to see the memory use,

ps -u user -o rss,command | grep -v peruser | awk '{sum+=$1} END {print sum/1024}'

但天真，

#.bash_aliases
alias totalmem='ps -u user -o rss,command | grep -v peruser | awk '{sum+=$1} END {print sum/1024}''

给出了错误：

-bash: alias: END: not found
-bash: alias: {print: not found
-bash: alias: sum/1024}: not found

我尝试用双引号

totalmem = ps ... | awk'{sum + = $ 1} END {print sum / 1024}' 或

totalmem ='ps ... | awk {sum + = $ 1} END {print sum / 1024}'，
转义，

totalmem ='ps ... | awk \'{sum + = $ 1} END {print sum / 1024} \''，
或转义双引号...但我似乎无法使其正常工作。

totalmem ='ps ... |awk \'{sum+=$1} END {print sum/1024}\'', or escaping double quotes ... but I can't seem to make it work.

totalmem ='ps ... | awk \ {sum + = $ 1} END {print sum / 1024} \'，

给出了错误

awk: "{sum+=}
awk: ^ unterminated string

任何提示均会赞赏。

推荐答案

您几乎拥有了它， $ 将被扩展用双引号引起来，所以需要额外的转义：

You almost have it, the $ will be expanded in double-quotes, so that needs extra escaping:

alias totalmem='ps -u user -o rss,command | grep -v peruser | awk "{sum+=\$1} END {print sum/1024}"'

或 iiSeymour 建议的 awk 内部模式：

alias totalmem='ps -u user -o rss,command | awk "!/peruser/ {sum+=\$1} END {print sum/1024}"'

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