如何以与显示器不同的分辨率渲染全屏框架? [英] How do I render a fullscreen frame with a different resolution than my display?
本文介绍了如何以与显示器不同的分辨率渲染全屏框架?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
在学习 http://directxtutorial.com/上的所有教程时，我正在自学DirectX开发.一个>.我遇到了一个问题，我认为这与我拥有多台显示器有关.
I am in the process of teaching myself DirectX development while going through all the tutorials on http://directxtutorial.com/. I have run into a problem that I believe is related to me having multiple monitors.
我的显示器为1920 x1080.当我的代码在其当前状态下运行时，我的主监视器变为黑色，光标位于中间.当我将代码顶部的SCREEN定义设置为1920 x 1080时，我的程序可以正常运行，并显示带有海军背景的sprite.当我离开屏幕时，将其定义为1440 x 900，并禁用第二台监视器，我的程序运行正常.这就是让我相信我的第二台显示器整理东西时会出现问题的原因.
My display is 1920 x 1080. When my code runs in its current state my primary monitor becomes black with the cursor in the middle. When I set my SCREEN defines at the top of my code to 1920 x 1080 my program runs fine and displays my sprite with the navy background. When I leave the SCREEN defines as 1440 x 900 and disable my second monitor my program runs fine. This is what leads me to believe there is some issue with my second monitor hosing up things.
任何帮助将不胜感激！
下面是我当前的代码:
// include the basic windows header files and the Direct3D header file
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
// define the screen resolution and keyboard macros
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 1440
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 900
#define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEY_UP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
// include the Direct3D Library file
#pragma comment (lib, "d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx9.lib")
// global declarations
LPDIRECT3D9 d3d; // the pointer to our Direct3D interface
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev; // the pointer to the device class
LPD3DXSPRITE d3dspt; // the pointer to our Direct3D Sprite interface
BOOL stimToggle = TRUE;
// sprite declarations
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 sprite; // the pointer to the sprite
// function prototypes
void initD3D(HWND hWnd); // sets up and initializes Direct3D
void render_frame(void); // renders a single frame
void cleanD3D(void); // closes Direct3D and releases memory
void init_input(HWND hWnd);
// the WindowProc function prototype
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
// the entry point for any Windows program
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
WNDCLASSEX wc;
ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW;
wc.lpszClassName = L"WindowClass1";
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,
L"WindowClass1",
L"Our Direct3D Program",
WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_POPUP,
0, 0,
SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
// set up and initialize Direct3D
initD3D(hWnd);
init_input(hWnd);
// enter the main loop:
MSG msg;
while(TRUE)
{
//DWORD starting_point = GetTickCount();
if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
render_frame();
// check the 'escape' key
if(KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
PostMessage(hWnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);
//while ((GetTickCount() - starting_point) < 25);
}
// clean up DirectX and COM
cleanD3D();
return msg.wParam;
}
// this is the main message handler for the program
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
} break;
case WM_INPUT:
{
RAWINPUT InputData;
UINT DataSize = sizeof(RAWINPUT);
GetRawInputData((HRAWINPUT)lParam,
RID_INPUT,
&InputData,
&DataSize,
sizeof(RAWINPUTHEADER));
// set the mouse button status
if(InputData.data.mouse.usButtonFlags == RI_MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON_DOWN)
stimToggle = FALSE;
if(InputData.data.mouse.usButtonFlags == RI_MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON_UP)
stimToggle = TRUE;
return 0;
} break;
}
return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for use
void initD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT;
d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;
d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;
d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = FALSE;
// create a device class using this information and the info from the d3dpp stuct
d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp,
&d3ddev);
D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &d3dspt); // create the Direct3D Sprite object
D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3ddev, // the device pointer
L"ast_sprite.png", // the new file name
D3DX_DEFAULT, // default width
D3DX_DEFAULT, // default height
D3DX_DEFAULT, // no mip mapping
NULL, // regular usage
D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, // 32-bit pixels with alpha
D3DPOOL_MANAGED, // typical memory handling
D3DX_DEFAULT, // no filtering
D3DX_DEFAULT, // no mip filtering
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 128), // the hot-pink color key
NULL, // no image info struct
NULL, // not using 256 colors
&sprite); // load to sprite
return;
}
// this is the function used to render a single frame
void render_frame(void)
{
// clear the window to a deep blue
d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 128), 1.0f, 0);
if(stimToggle)
{
d3ddev->BeginScene(); // begins the 3D scene
d3dspt->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND); // begin sprite drawing
D3DSURFACE_DESC surfaceDesc;
sprite->GetLevelDesc(NULL, &surfaceDesc);
// draw the sprite
D3DXVECTOR3 center(surfaceDesc.Width / 2.0f, surfaceDesc.Height / 2.0f, 0.0f); // center at the upper-left corner
D3DXVECTOR3 position(SCREEN_WIDTH / 2.0f, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2.0f, 0.0f); // position at 50, 50 with no depth
d3dspt->Draw(sprite, NULL, ¢er, &position, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
d3dspt->End(); // end sprite drawing
d3ddev->EndScene(); // ends the 3D scene
}
d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
return;
}
// this is the function that initializes the Raw Input API
void init_input(HWND hWnd)
{
RAWINPUTDEVICE Mouse;
Mouse.usUsage = 0x02; // register mouse
Mouse.usUsagePage = 0x01; // top-level mouse
Mouse.dwFlags = NULL; // flags
Mouse.hwndTarget = hWnd; // handle to a window
RegisterRawInputDevices(&Mouse, 1, sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICE)); // register the device
}
// this is the function that cleans up Direct3D and COM
void cleanD3D(void)
{
sprite->Release();
d3ddev->Release();
d3d->Release();
return;
}
这是我在输出"窗口中的调试信息.
Here is my debug information from my Output window.
Direct3D9: (INFO) :======================= Hal SWVP device selected
Direct3D9: (INFO) :HalDevice Driver Style b
Direct3D9: :Subclassing window 00680b0a
Direct3D9: :StartExclusiveMode
Direct3D9: :WM_DISPLAYCHANGE: 1440x900x32
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Lost due to display uniqueness change
Prototype.exe has triggered a breakpoint.
这是触发断点的地方.当我单击继续时，将显示以下其余部分.
This is where it triggers the breakpoint. When I click continue, the rest of the below is displayed.
Direct3D9: (INFO) :Using FF to PS converter
Direct3D9: (INFO) :Enabling multi-processor optimizations
Direct3D9: (INFO) :DDI threading started
Direct3D9: (INFO) :Using FF to VS converter in software vertex processing
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :ASSERTION FAILED! File s:\gfx_aug09\windows\directx\dxg\inactive\d3d9\d3d\fw\lhbatchfilter.cpp Line 3466: pArgs->Flags.Discard
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :ASSERTION FAILED! File s:\gfx_aug09\windows\directx\dxg\inactive\d3d9\d3d\fw\lhbatchfilter.cpp Line 3466: pArgs->Flags.Discard
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :ASSERTION FAILED! File s:\gfx_aug09\windows\directx\dxg\inactive\d3d9\d3d\fw\lhbatchfilter.cpp Line 3466: pArgs->Flags.Discard
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :************************************************************
D3D9 Helper: Warning: Default value for D3DRS_POINTSIZE_MAX is 2.19902e+012f, not 4.16345e-316f. This is ok.
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: BEGIN Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
Direct3D9: :*** Active state changing
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: DONE Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: BEGIN Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
Direct3D9: :*** Already activated
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: DONE Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: BEGIN Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
Direct3D9: :*** Already activated
Direct3D9: :WM_ACTIVATEAPP: DONE Activating app pid=00003c58, tid=00005888
推荐答案
-
确定哪个监视器是主监视器，默认情况下，DirectX将输出到主监视器.
Identify which monitor is primary monitor, by default, DirectX will output to the primary monitor.
确保您设置的分辨率可用于您要渲染的监视器.如果使用不受支持的分辨率，则DirectX在创建设备时将失败.
Make sure the resolution you set is available for the monitor you are rendering to. if you use an unsupported resolution, DirectX will failed when creating device.
，如果您不想对屏幕分辨率进行硬编码，请使用以下代码.
, use the following code if you don't want to hard-code the screen resolution.
// Get max display resolution and set it as back buffer size
D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode ;
d3d->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &displayMode) ;
int width = displayMode.Width;
int height = displayMode.Height;
d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height;
- 打开调试模式，因为您使用的是DirectX 9.0，所以只需使用DirectX控制面板即可完成，它是C:\ Program Files \ Microsoft DirectX SDK(2010年6月)\ Utilities \ bin \ x86 \ dxcpl. exe，如果在其他位置安装DirectX SDK，则可能会有所不同.启用调试模式后，您将在输出窗口中获得很多有用的信息，这些信息将帮助您解决大多数问题.
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